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Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol 54, Issue 6 1412-1421, Copyright © 1985 by APS
ARTICLES |
C. J. Elliott and P. R. Benjamin
We have used intracellular recording from groups of interneurons in the feeding system of the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, to examine the connections of a modulatory interneuron, the slow oscillator (SO), with the network of pattern-generating interneurons (N1, N2, and N3). The SO is an interneuron whose axon branches solely within the buccal ganglia. There is only one such cell in each snail. In half the snails the cell body is in the right buccal ganglion and in the other half in the left buccal ganglion. Stimulation of either the SO or one of the N1 pattern-generating interneurons elicits the feeding rhythm, but of all the buccal neurons, only the SO can drive the feeding rhythm at the frequency seen in the intact snail. The SO makes reciprocal excitatory synapses with the N1 interneurons that drive the protraction of the radula. This ensures strong activation of the feeding system. The SO inhibits the N2 interneurons. Postsynaptic potentials evoked by stimulation of the SO facilitate without spike broadening in the SO. The SO is strongly inhibited by N2 and N3 interneurons, which are active during the retraction phase. This gates any excitatory inputs to the SO, probably preventing protraction of the radula while retraction is underway. The results support the idea of a single interneuron capable of driving a hierarchically organized motor system.
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J.-H. Park, V. A. Straub, and M. O'Shea Anterograde Signaling by Nitric Oxide: Characterization and In Vitro Reconstitution of an Identified Nitrergic Synapse J. Neurosci., July 15, 1998; 18(14): 5463 - 5476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. J. Brierley, K. Staras, and P. R. Benjamin Behavioral Function of Glutamatergic Interneurons in the Feeding System of Lymnaea: Plateauing Properties and Synaptic Connections with Motor Neurons J Neurophysiol, December 1, 1997; 78(6): 3386 - 3395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. J. Brierley, M. S. Yeoman, and P. R. Benjamin Glutamatergic N2v Cells Are Central Pattern Generator Interneurons of the Lymnaea Feeding System: New Model for Rhythm Generation J Neurophysiol, December 1, 1997; 78(6): 3396 - 3407. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Kemenes, K. Staras, and P. R. Benjamin In Vitro Appetitive Classical Conditioning of the Feeding Response in the Pond Snail Lymnaea stagnalis J Neurophysiol, November 1, 1997; 78(5): 2351 - 2362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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