| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol 67, Issue 2 373-388, Copyright © 1992 by APS
ARTICLES |
T. Matsushima and S. Grillner
Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
1. To elucidate the neural mechanisms responsible for coordinating undulatory locomotor movements, the intersegmental phase lag was analyzed from ventral roots along the spinal cord during fictive swimming. It was induced by bath application of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in in vitro preparations of lamprey spinal cord, while the excitability of different segments were modified. The phase lag between consecutive segments during normal forward swimming is 1% of the cycle duration in a broad range of values. Rostral segments are activated before more caudal ones. 2. Under control conditions, whole preparations (12-24 segment long; n = 22) were perfused with NMDA solutions of the same concentration (100-150 microM). The intersegmental phase lag values varied in a continuous range with a single peak around a median value of forward +0.74% per segment (range: forward +2.23% to backward -0.97%). 3. To examine whether excitability differences along the spinal cord could modify the intersegmental phase lag, different levels of excitatory amino acids (NMDA) were applied to spinal cord preparations positioned in a partitioned chamber. Different portions of the cord could be perfused separately by NMDA solutions of different concentrations (50-150 microM). If rostral segments were perfused with the higher NMDA solution, the lag was inevitably in the forward direction. Conversely, if the caudal portion was perfused with the higher NMDA solution, caudally located ventral roots became activated before the rostral ventral roots in a caudorostral succession, thus reversing the direction of the fictive swimming wave to propagate as during backward swimming. If the middle portion was perfused by the highest NMDA solution, this portion instead became leading, and the activity propagated from this point in both the rostral and the caudal directions. The portion located in the pool with highest NMDA concentration always gave rise to a "leading" segment. 4. When a portion of the preparation was perfused with an NMDA solution of a high concentration (75-150 microM), the cycle duration was close to that recorded when the whole preparation was perfused with the same high NMDA solution. The ensemble cycle duration is, therefore, largely determined by the leading segment. 5. The phase lag changes were not restricted to the region around the barrier separating pools with different NMDA solutions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. S. Islam and P. V. Zelenin Modifications of Locomotor Pattern Underlying Escape Behavior in the Lamprey J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2008; 99(1): 297 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Falgairolle and J.-R. Cazalets Metachronal coupling between spinal neuronal networks during locomotor activity in newborn rat J. Physiol., April 1, 2007; 580(1): 87 - 102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Yakovenko, J. Kowalczewski, and A. Prochazka Intraspinal Stimulation Caudal to Spinal Cord Transections in Rats. Testing the Propriospinal Hypothesis J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 2570 - 2574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Mulloney and W. M. Hall Not by Spikes Alone: Responses of Coordinating Neurons and the Swimmeret System to Local Differences in Excitation J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2007; 97(1): 436 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. S. Islam, P. V. Zelenin, G. N. Orlovsky, S. Grillner, and T. G. Deliagina Pattern of motor coordination underlying backward swimming in the lamprey. J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2006; 96(1): 451 - 460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-R. Cazalets Metachronal propagation of motoneurone burst activation in isolated spinal cord of newborn rat J. Physiol., October 15, 2005; 568(2): 583 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. J. Christie and P. J. Whelan Monoaminergic Establishment of Rostrocaudal Gradients of Rhythmicity in the Neonatal Mouse Spinal Cord J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2005; 94(2): 1554 - 1564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Juvin, J. Simmers, and D. Morin Propriospinal Circuitry Underlying Interlimb Coordination in Mammalian Quadrupedal Locomotion J. Neurosci., June 22, 2005; 25(25): 6025 - 6035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Buschges Sensory Control and Organization of Neural Networks Mediating Coordination of Multisegmental Organs for Locomotion J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2005; 93(3): 1127 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Jezzini, A. A. V. Hill, P. Kuzyk, and R. L. Calabrese Detailed Model of Intersegmental Coordination in the Timing Network of the Leech Heartbeat Central Pattern Generator J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2004; 91(2): 958 - 977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A.V. Hill, M. A. Masino, and R. L. Calabrese Intersegmental Coordination of Rhythmic Motor Patterns J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2003; 90(2): 531 - 538. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. V. Lauder and E. G. Drucker Forces, Fishes, and Fluids: Hydrodynamic Mechanisms of Aquatic Locomotion Physiology, December 1, 2002; 17(6): 235 - 240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. R. Boyd and A. D. McClellan Changes in locomotor activity parameters with variations in cycle time in larval lamprey J. Exp. Biol., December 1, 2002; 205(23): 3707 - 3716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Martin Changes in Electrophysiological Properties of Lamprey Spinal Motoneurons During Fictive Swimming J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2002; 88(5): 2463 - 2476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Y. C. Pang and J. F. Yang Sensory Gating for the Initiation of the Swing Phase in Different Directions of Human Infant Stepping J. Neurosci., July 1, 2002; 22(13): 5734 - 5740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. V. Hill, M. A. Masino, and R. L. Calabrese Model of Intersegmental Coordination in the Leech Heartbeat Neuronal Network J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2002; 87(3): 1586 - 1602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Masino and R. L. Calabrese Period Differences Between Segmental Oscillators Produce Intersegmental Phase Differences in the Leech Heartbeat Timing Network J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2002; 87(3): 1603 - 1615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Mizutani, H. Ogawa, J. Saito, and K. Oka Fictive locomotion induced by octopamine in the earthworm J. Exp. Biol., January 15, 2002; 205(2): 265 - 271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Cang and W. O. Friesen Sensory Modification of Leech Swimming: Rhythmic Activity of Ventral Stretch Receptors Can Change Intersegmental Phase Relationships J. Neurosci., October 15, 2000; 20(20): 7822 - 7829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Parker Presynaptic and Interactive Peptidergic Modulation of Reticulospinal Synaptic Inputs in the Lamprey J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2000; 83(5): 2497 - 2507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Lamb and J. F. Yang Could Different Directions of Infant Stepping Be Controlled by the Same Locomotor Central Pattern Generator? J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2000; 83(5): 2814 - 2824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. L. Miller and K. A. Sigvardt Extent and Role of Multisegmental Coupling in the Lamprey Spinal Locomotor Pattern Generator J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2000; 83(1): 465 - 476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. MULLONEY, F. K. SKINNER, H. NAMBA, and W. M. HALL Intersegmental Coordination of Swimmeret Movements: Mathematical Models and Neural Circuits Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., November 16, 1998; 860(1): 266 - 280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. Green and S. R. Soffe Roles of Ascending Inhibition During Two Rhythmic Motor Patterns in Xenopus Tadpoles J Neurophysiol, May 1, 1998; 79(5): 2316 - 2328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Delvolve, T. Bem, and J.-M. Cabelguen Epaxial and Limb Muscle Activity During Swimming and Terrestrial Stepping in the Adult Newt, Pleurodeles waltl J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1997; 78(2): 638 - 650. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Ullen, T. G. Deliagina, G. N. Orlovsky, and S. Grillner Visual Pathways for Postural Control and Negative Phototaxis in Lamprey J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1997; 78(2): 960 - 976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Mulloney A Test of the Excitability-Gradient Hypothesis in the Swimmeret System of Crayfish J. Neurosci., March 1, 1997; 17(5): 1860 - 1868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Ekeberg, S. Grillner, and A. Lansner The Neural Control of Fish Swimming Studied Through Numerical Simulations Adaptive Behavior, March 1, 1995; 3(4): 363 - 384. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Williams Phase coupling by synaptic spread in chains of coupled neuronal oscillators Science, October 23, 1992; 258(5082): 662 - 665. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
