| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol 75, Issue 5 1826-1842, Copyright © 1996 by APS
ARTICLES |
K. M. Bennett and R. N. Lemon
Sobell Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
1. During independent finger movements, the intrinsic muscles of the hand show a fractionated pattern of activity in which the timing and amplitude of electromyographic (EMG) activity varies considerably from one muscle to another. It has been suggested that, in the macaque monkey, corticomotoneuronal (CM) cells that produce postspike facilitation (PSF) of EMG in these muscles contribute to this fractionation. To test this hypothesis, we have investigated the relationship between the pattern of PSF exerted by a CM cell and the pattern of activity shown by the cell and by its target muscles. 2. The activity of 15 identified CM cells was recorded from two monkeys that performed a precision grip task. Spike-triggered averaging of rectified EMG during the hold period of this task showed that each cell produced PSF in at least two intrinsic hand muscles. 3. Segments of data were selected from the initial movement period of the task in which the EMG activity in one target muscle was substantially greater than that of the other, and the mean firing rate of each CM cell was determined for these periods. 4. CM cells showed bursts of activity in the movement period. Most of them (13/15) had a significantly (P < 0.001) higher firing rate when one of its target muscles was more active than the other. For nine of these cells (identified as set A), this muscle was the one receiving the larger PSF. In four cases (set B), the reverse was true. Two cells (set C), which produced PSF of equal size in their target muscles, showed no change in firing rate across the periods of fractionated EMG activity. 5. All set A and set B cells fired at significantly (P < 0.001) higher rates during the movement period, in association with fractionation of EMG activity, than in the hold period, in which a cocontracted pattern of muscle activity was observed. 6. There were pronounced differences in the strength of PSF exerted by the CM cells on their target muscles during the fractionation periods. One CM cell exerted PSF of a muscle during one period of fractionation, but postspike suppression of the same muscle during the other period. 7. It is suggested that changes in the firing rate of a CM cell and in the degree of facilitation it exerts could both contribute to the fractionation of activity in its target muscles. Cells of set A appear to be specifically recruited in a manner that directly reflects the pattern of facilitation they exert on the sampled target muscles. These results may explain why the CM system is so important for the performance of relatively independent finger movements.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  W. S. Smith and E. E. Fetz Synaptic Linkages Between Corticomotoneuronal Cells Affecting Forelimb Muscles in Behaving Primates J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2009; 102(2): 1040 - 1048. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. M. Herter, T. Korbel, and S. H. Scott Comparison of Neural Responses in Primary Motor Cortex to Transient and Continuous Loads During Posture J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2009; 101(1): 150 - 163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Yanai, N. Adamit, R. Harel, Z. Israel, and Y. Prut Connected Corticospinal Sites Show Enhanced Tuning Similarity at the Onset of Voluntary Action J. Neurosci., November 7, 2007; 27(45): 12349 - 12357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Umilta, T. Brochier, R. L. Spinks, and R. N. Lemon Simultaneous Recording of Macaque Premotor and Primary Motor Cortex Neuronal Populations Reveals Different Functional Contributions to Visuomotor Grasp J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2007; 98(1): 488 - 501. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. M. Herter, I. Kurtzer, D. W. Cabel, K. A. Haunts, and S. H. Scott Characterization of Torque-Related Activity in Primary Motor Cortex During a Multijoint Postural Task J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2007; 97(4): 2887 - 2899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Morrow, L. R. Jordan, and L. E. Miller Direct Comparison of the Task-Dependent Discharge of M1 in Hand Space and Muscle Space J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2007; 97(2): 1786 - 1798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Schieber and G. Rivlis Partial Reconstruction of Muscle Activity From a Pruned Network of Diverse Motor Cortex Neurons J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2007; 97(1): 70 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. L. McIsaac and A. J. Fuglevand Motor-Unit Synchrony Within and Across Compartments of the Human Flexor Digitorum Superficialis J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2007; 97(1): 550 - 556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. R. Townsend, L. Paninski, and R. N. Lemon Linear Encoding of Muscle Activity in Primary Motor Cortex and Cerebellum J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2006; 96(5): 2578 - 2592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. Sergio, C. Hamel-Paquet, and J. F. Kalaska Motor Cortex Neural Correlates of Output Kinematics and Kinetics During Isometric-Force and Arm-Reaching Tasks J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2005; 94(4): 2353 - 2378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Schneider, B. A. Lavoie, H. Barbeau, and C. Capaday Timing of cortical excitability changes during the reaction time of movements superimposed on tonic motor activity J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2004; 97(6): 2220 - 2227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Brochier, R. L. Spinks, M. A. Umilta, and R. N. Lemon Patterns of Muscle Activity Underlying Object-Specific Grasp by the Macaque Monkey J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2004; 92(3): 1770 - 1782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Keen and A. J. Fuglevand Distribution of Motor Unit Force in Human Extensor Digitorum Assessed By Spike-Triggered Averaging and Intraneural Microstimulation J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2004; 91(6): 2515 - 2523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L Ruhland and P. L. van Kan Medial Pontine Hemorrhagic Stroke Physical Therapy, June 1, 2003; 83(6): 552 - 566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. H. Ehrsson, J. P. Kuhtz-Buschbeck, and H. Forssberg Brain Regions Controlling Nonsynergistic versus Synergistic Movement of the Digits: a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study J. Neurosci., June 15, 2002; 22(12): 5074 - 5080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-J. Boudreau and A. M. Smith Activity in Rostral Motor Cortex in Response to Predictable Force-Pulse Perturbations in a Precision Grip Task J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2001; 86(3): 1079 - 1085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. N. Baker, R. Spinks, A. Jackson, and R. N. Lemon Synchronization in Monkey Motor Cortex During a Precision Grip Task. I. Task-Dependent Modulation in Single-Unit Synchrony J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2001; 85(2): 869 - 885. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Kilner, S. N. Baker, S. Salenius, R. Hari, and R. N. Lemon Human Cortical Muscle Coherence Is Directly Related to Specific Motor Parameters J. Neurosci., December 1, 2000; 20(23): 8838 - 8845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. J. McKiernan, J. K. Marcario, J. H. Karrer, and P. D. Cheney Correlations Between Corticomotoneuronal (CM) Cell Postspike Effects and Cell-Target Muscle Covariation J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2000; 83(1): 99 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Forssberg, A.-C. Eliasson, C. Redon-Zouitenn, E. Mercuri, and L. Dubowitz Impaired grip–lift synergy in children with unilateral brain lesions Brain, June 1, 1999; 122(6): 1157 - 1168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J M Kilner, S N Baker, S Salenius, V Jousmaki, R Hari, and R N Lemon Task-dependent modulation of 15-30 Hz coherence between rectified EMGs from human hand and forearm muscles J. Physiol., April 15, 1999; 516(2): 559 - 570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. S. Hoffman and P. L. Strick Step-Tracking Movements of the Wrist. IV. Muscle Activity Associated With Movements in Different Directions J Neurophysiol, January 1, 1999; 81(1): 319 - 333. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. E. Miller and T. Sinkjaer Primate Red Nucleus Discharge Encodes the Dynamics of Limb Muscle Activity J Neurophysiol, July 1, 1998; 80(1): 59 - 70. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. N. Lemon REVIEW {blacksquare} : Mechanisms of Cortical Control of Hand Function Neuroscientist, November 1, 1997; 3(6): 389 - 398. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Maier, E. Olivier, S. N. Baker, P. A. Kirkwood, T. Morris, and R. N. Lemon Direct and Indirect Corticospinal Control of Arm and Hand Motoneurons in the Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1997; 78(2): 721 - 733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Scott and J. F. Kalaska Reaching Movements With Similar Hand Paths But Different Arm Orientations. I. Activity of Individual Cells in Motor Cortex J Neurophysiol, February 1, 1997; 77(2): 826 - 852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Armand, E. Olivier, S. A. Edgley, and R. N. Lemon Postnatal Development of Corticospinal Projections from Motor Cortex to the Cervical Enlargement in the Macaque Monkey J. Neurosci., January 1, 1997; 17(1): 251 - 266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Olivier, S. A. Edgley, J. Armand, and R. N. Lemon An Electrophysiological Study of the Postnatal Development of the Corticospinal System in the Macaque Monkey J. Neurosci., January 1, 1997; 17(1): 267 - 276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
