| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 79 No. 5 May 1998,
pp. 2653-2667
Copyright ©1998 The American Physiological Society
Department of Computer and Information Science, Institute for Neural and Intelligent Systems, Brooklyn College of City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210
Raphan, Theodore. Modeling control of eye orientation in three dimensions. I. Role of muscle pulleys in determining saccadic trajectory. J. Neurophysiol. 79: 2653-2667, 1998. This study evaluates the effects of muscle axis shifts on the performance of a vector velocity-position integrator in the CNS. Earlier models of the oculomotor plant assumed that the muscle axes remained fixed relative to the head as the eye rotated into secondary and tertiary eye positions. Under this assumption, the vector integrator model generates torsional transients as the eye moves from secondary to tertiary positions of fixation. The torsional transient represents an eye movement response to a spatial mismatch between the torque axes that remain fixed in the head and the displacement plane that changes by half the angle of the change in eye orientation. When muscle axis shifts were incorporated into the model, the torque axes were closer to the displacement plane at each eye orientation throughout the trajectory, and torsional transients were reduced dramatically. Their size and dynamics were close to reported data. It was also shown that when the muscle torque axes were rotated by 50% of the eye rotation, there was no torsional transient and Listing's law was perfectly obeyed. When muscle torque axes rotated >50%, torsional transients reversed direction compared with what occurred for muscle axis shifts of <50%. The model indicates that Listing's law is implemented by the oculomotor plant subject to a two-dimensional command signal that is confined to the pitch-yaw plane, having zero torsion. Saccades that bring the eye to orientations outside Listing's plane could easily be corrected by a roll pulse that resets the roll state of the velocity-position integrator to zero. This would be a simple implementation of the corrective controller suggested by Van Opstal and colleagues. The model further indicates that muscle axis shifts together with the torque orientation relationship for tissue surrounding the eye and Newton's laws of motion form a sufficient plant model to explain saccadic trajectories and periods of fixation when driven by a vector command confined to the pitch-yaw plane. This implies that the velocity-position integrator is probably realized as a subtractive feedback vector integrator and not as a quaternion-based integrator that implements kinematic transformations to orient the eye.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. P. Weber, C. J. Bockisch, I. Olasagasti, and D. Straumann Modulation of Saccade Curvature by Ocular Counterroll Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., March 1, 2009; 50(3): 1158 - 1167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Xiang, S. B. Yakushin, M. Kunin, T. Raphan, and B. Cohen Head Stabilization by Vestibulocollic Reflexes During Quadrupedal Locomotion in Monkey J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2008; 100(2): 763 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Tchelidze and B. J. M. Hess Noncommutative Control in the Rotational Vestibuloocular Reflex J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2008; 99(1): 96 - 111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Kunin, Y. Osaki, B. Cohen, and T. Raphan Rotation Axes of the Head During Positioning, Head Shaking, and Locomotion J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2007; 98(5): 3095 - 3108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. van Beers The Sources of Variability in Saccadic Eye Movements J. Neurosci., August 15, 2007; 27(33): 8757 - 8770. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Klier, D. E. Angelaki, and B. J. M. Hess Human Visuospatial Updating After Noncommutative Rotations J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2007; 98(1): 537 - 541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. T. Crane, J. Tian, and J. L. Demer Temporal Dynamics of Ocular Position Dependence of the Initial Human Vestibulo-ocular Reflex. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2006; 47(4): 1426 - 1438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. A. Clark and J. L. Demer Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Effects of Horizontal Rectus Extraocular Muscle Surgery on Pulley and Globe Positions and Stability Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2006; 47(1): 188 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Demer and R. A. Clark Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Human Extraocular Muscles During Static Ocular Counter-Rolling J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2005; 94(5): 3292 - 3302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Kono, V. Poukens, and J. L. Demer Superior Oblique Muscle Layers in Monkeys and Humans Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2005; 46(8): 2790 - 2799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. T. Crane, J. Tian, and J. L. Demer Kinematics of Vertical Saccades during the Yaw Vestibulo-ocular Reflex in Humans Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2005; 46(8): 2800 - 2809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E. Angelaki Three-Dimensional Ocular Kinematics During Eccentric Rotations: Evidence for Functional Rather Than Mechanical Constraints J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2003; 89(5): 2685 - 2696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. E. Angelaki and J. D. Dickman Premotor Neurons Encode Torsional Eye Velocity during Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements J. Neurosci., April 1, 2003; 23(7): 2971 - 2979. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Kono, V. Poukens, and J. L. Demer Quantitative Analysis of the Structure of the Human Extraocular Muscle Pulley System Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2002; 43(9): 2923 - 2932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Kono, R. A. Clark, and J. L. Demer Active Pulleys: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rectus Muscle Paths in Tertiary Gazes Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2002; 43(7): 2179 - 2188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. F. Wong, J. A. Sharpe, and D. Tweed Adaptive Neural Mechanism for Listing's Law Revealed in Patients with Fourth Nerve Palsy Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2002; 43(6): 1796 - 1803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Abramoff, R. Kalmann, M. E. L. de Graaf, J. S. Stilma, and M. P. Mourits Rectus Extraocular Muscle Paths and Decompression Surgery for Graves Orbitopathy: Mechanism of Motility Disturbances Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2002; 43(2): 300 - 307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. F. Wong, D. Tweed, and J. A. Sharpe Adaptive Neural Mechanism for Listing's Law Revealed in Patients with Sixth Nerve Palsy Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2002; 43(1): 112 - 119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Smith and J. D. Crawford Implications of Ocular Kinematics for the Internal Updating of Visual Space J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2001; 86(4): 2112 - 2117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Scherberger, J.-H. Cabungcal, K. Hepp, Y. Suzuki, D. Straumann, and V. Henn Ocular Counterroll Modulates the Preferred Direction of Saccade-Related Pontine Burst Neurons in the Monkey J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2001; 86(2): 935 - 949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Khanna and J. D. Porter Evidence for Rectus Extraocular Muscle Pulleys in Rodents Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2001; 42(9): 1986 - 1992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Thurtell, M. Kunin, and T. Raphan Role of Muscle Pulleys in Producing Eye Position-Dependence in the Angular Vestibuloocular Reflex: A Model-Based Study J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2000; 84(2): 639 - 650. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Lee, D. S. Zee, and D. Straumann Saccades From Torsional Offset Positions Back to Listing's Plane J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2000; 83(6): 3241 - 3253. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Misslisch and B. J. M. Hess Three-Dimensional Vestibuloocular Reflex of the Monkey: Optimal Retinal Image Stabilization Versus Listing's Law J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2000; 83(6): 3264 - 3276. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Demer, S. Y. Oh, and V. Poukens Evidence for Active Control of Rectus Extraocular Muscle Pulleys Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2000; 41(6): 1280 - 1290. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Thurtell, R. A. Black, G. M. Halmagyi, I. S. Curthoys, and S. T. Aw Vertical Eye Position-Dependence of the Human Vestibuloocular Reflex During Passive and Active Yaw Head Rotations J Neurophysiol, May 1, 1999; 81(5): 2415 - 2428. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Crawford, M. Z. Ceylan, E. M. Klier, and D. Guitton Three-Dimensional Eye-Head Coordination During Gaze Saccades in the Primate J Neurophysiol, April 1, 1999; 81(4): 1760 - 1782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. Klier and J. D. Crawford Human Oculomotor System Accounts for 3-D Eye Orientation in the Visual-Motor Transformation for Saccades J Neurophysiol, November 1, 1998; 80(5): 2274 - 2294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Smith and J. D. Crawford Neural Control of Rotational Kinematics Within Realistic Vestibuloocular Coordinate Systems J Neurophysiol, November 1, 1998; 80(5): 2295 - 2315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
