| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 80 No. 2 August 1998,
pp. 936-946
Copyright ©1998 The American Physiological Society
1 Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655; 2 Department of Industrial Physiology, National Institute of Industrial Health, Kawasaki 214-0023; 3 Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-0033; and 4 Communications Research Laboratory, Tokyo 184-0015, Japan
Terao, Yasuo, Hideki Fukuda, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Okihide Hikosaka, Ritsuko Hanajima, Toshiaki Furubayashi, Katsuyuki Sakai, Satoru Miyauchi, Yuka Sasaki, and Ichiro Kanazawa. Visualization of the information flow through human oculomotor cortical regions by transcranial magnetic stimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 936-946, 1998. We investigated the topography of human cortical activation during an antisaccade task by focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We used a figure-eight shaped coil, with the stimulus intensity set just above the threshold for activation of the hand motor areas but weak enough not to elicit blinks. TMS was delivered at various time intervals (80, 100, and 120 ms) after target presentation over various sites on the scalp while the subjects performed the antisaccade task. It was possible to elicit a mild but significant delay in saccade onset over 1) the frontal regions (a region 2-4 cm anterior and 2-4 cm lateral to hand motor area) and 2) posterior parietal regions (6-8 cm posterior and 0-4 cm lateral to hand motor area) regardless of which hemisphere was stimulated. The frontal regions were assumed to correspond to a cortical region including the frontal eye fields (FEFs), whereas the parietal regions were assumed to represent a wide region that includes the posterior parietal cortices (PPCs). The regions inducing the delay shifted from the posterior parietal regions at an earlier interval (80 ms) to the frontal regions at a later interval (100 ms), which suggested an information flow from posterior to anterior cortical regions during the presaccadic period. At 120 ms, the effect of TMS over the frontal regions still persisted but was greatly diminished. Erroneous prosaccades to the presented target were elicited over a wide cortical region including the frontal and posterior parietal regions, which again showed a forward shift with time. However, the distribution of effective regions exhibited a clear contralateral predominance in terms of saccade direction. Our technique provides a useful method not only for detecting the topography of cortical regions active during saccadic eye movement, but also for constructing a physiological map to visualize the temporal evolution of functional activities in the relevant cortical regions.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. L. Prime, M. Vesia, and J. D. Crawford TMS Over Human Frontal Eye Fields Disrupts Trans-saccadic Memory of Multiple Objects Cereb Cortex, July 29, 2009; (2009) bhp148v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.F.W. Neggers, W. Huijbers, C. M. Vrijlandt, B.N.S. Vlaskamp, D.J.L.G. Schutter, and J. L. Kenemans TMS Pulses on the Frontal Eye Fields Break Coupling Between Visuospatial Attention and Eye Movements J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2007; 98(5): 2765 - 2778. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Prabhu, M. Voss, T. Brochier, L. Cattaneo, P. Haggard, and R. Lemon Excitability of human motor cortex inputs prior to grasp J. Physiol., May 15, 2007; 581(1): 189 - 201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Gagnon, T. Paus, M.-H. Grosbras, G. B. Pike, and G. A. O'Driscoll Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Frontal Oculomotor Regions during Smooth Pursuit J. Neurosci., January 11, 2006; 26(2): 458 - 466. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Olk, E. Chang, A. Kingstone, and T. Ro Modulation of Antisaccades by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Human Frontal Eye Field Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2006; 16(1): 76 - 82. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Terao, T. Furubayashi, S. Okabe, N. Arai, H. Mochizuki, S. Kobayashi, M. Yumoto, M. Nishikawa, N. K. Iwata, and Y. Ugawa Interhemispheric Transmission of Visuomotor Information for Motor Implementation Cereb Cortex, July 1, 2005; 15(7): 1025 - 1036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q. Yang and Z. Kapoula TMS over the Left Posterior Parietal Cortex Prolongs Latency of Contralateral Saccades and Convergence Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2004; 45(7): 2231 - 2239. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. H. Heitger, T. J. Anderson, R. D. Jones, J. C. Dalrymple-Alford, C. M. Frampton, and M. W. Ardagh Eye movement and visuomotor arm movement deficits following mild closed head injury Brain, March 1, 2004; 127(3): 575 - 590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. J. Daskalakis, B. K. Christensen, P. B. Fitzgerald, and R. Chen Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A New Investigational and Treatment Tool in Psychiatry J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, November 1, 2002; 14(4): 406 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.F.S. Rushworth, K. A. Hadland, T. Paus, and P. K. Sipila Role of the Human Medial Frontal Cortex in Task Switching: A Combined fMRI and TMS Study J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2002; 87(5): 2577 - 2592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Terao, Y. Ugawa, H. Enomoto, T. Furubayashi, Y. Shiio, K. Machii, R. Hanajima, M. Nishikawa, N. K. Iwata, Y. Saito, et al. Hemispheric Lateralization in the Cortical Motor Preparation for Human Vocalization J. Neurosci., March 1, 2001; 21(5): 1600 - 1609. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Van Donkelaar, J.-H. Lee, and A. S. Drew Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Disrupts Eye-Hand Interactions in the Posterior Parietal Cortex J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2000; 84(3): 1677 - 1680. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
