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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 81 No. 2 February 1999, pp. 781-787
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
Selective Induction of LTP and LTD by Postsynaptic
[Ca2+]i Elevation. Long-term
potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), two prominent forms
of synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic afferents to CA1 hippocampal
pyramidal cells, are both triggered by the elevation of postsynaptic
intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). To understand how one signaling
molecule can be responsible for triggering two opposing forms of
synaptic modulation, different postsynaptic
[Ca2+]i elevation patterns were generated by
a new caged calcium compound nitrophenyl-ethylene
glycol-bis(
-aminoethyl
ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid in CA1 pyramidal cells. We found that specific patterns of [Ca2+]i elevation selectively activate LTP or
LTD. In particular, only LTP was triggered by a brief increase of
[Ca2+]i with relatively high magnitude, which
mimics the [Ca2+]i rise during electrical
stimulation typically used to induce LTP. In contrast, a prolonged
modest rise of [Ca2+]i reliably induced LTD.
An important implication of the results is that both the amplitude and
the duration of an intracellular chemical signal can carry significant
biological information.
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