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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 81 No. 3 March 1999, pp. 1171-1183
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
Zhu, J. Julius and
Barry W. Connors.
Intrinsic firing patterns and whisker-evoked synaptic responses of
neurons in the rat barrel cortex. We have used whole cell recording in the anesthetized rat to study whisker-evoked synaptic and
spiking responses of single neurons in the barrel cortex. On the basis
of their intrinsic firing patterns, neurons could be classified as
either regular-spiking (RS) cells, intrinsically burst-spiking (IB)
cells, or fast-spiking (FS) cells. Some recordings responded to current
injection with a complex spike pattern characteristic of apical
dendrites. All cell types had high rates of spontaneous postsynaptic
potentials, both excitatory (EPSPs) and inhibitory (IPSPs). Some
spontaneous EPSPs reached threshold, and these typically elicited only
single action potentials in RS cells, bursts of action potentials in FS
cells and IB cells, and a small, fast spike or a complex spike in
dendrites. Deflection of single whiskers evoked a fast initial EPSP, a
prolonged IPSP, and delayed EPSPs in all cell types. The intrinsic
firing pattern of cells predicted their short-latency whisker-evoked
spiking patterns. All cell types responded best to one or,
occasionally, two primary whiskers, but typically 6-15 surrounding
whiskers also generated significant synaptic responses. The initial
EPSP had a relatively fixed amplitude and latency, and its amplitude in
response to first-order surrounding whiskers was ~55% of that
induced by the primary whisker. Second- and third-order surrounding
whiskers evoked responses of ~27 and 12%, respectively. The latency
of the initial EPSP was shortest for the primary whiskers, longer for
surrounding whiskers, and varied with the neurons' depth below the
pia. EPSP latency was shortest in the granular layer, longer in
supragranular layers, and longest in infragranular layers. The
receptive field size, defined as the total number of fast EPSP-inducing
whiskers, was independent of each cell's intrinsic firing type, its
subpial depth, or the whisker stimulus parameters. On average,
receptive fields included >10 whiskers. Our results show that single
neurons integrate rapid synaptic responses from a large proportion of the mystacial vibrissae, and suggest that the whisker-evoked responses of barrel neurons are a function of both synaptic inputs and intrinsic membrane properties.
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