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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 81 No. 3 March 1999, pp. 1171-1183
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Neuroscience, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
Zhu, J. Julius and
Barry W. Connors.
Intrinsic firing patterns and whisker-evoked synaptic responses of
neurons in the rat barrel cortex. We have used whole cell recording in the anesthetized rat to study whisker-evoked synaptic and
spiking responses of single neurons in the barrel cortex. On the basis
of their intrinsic firing patterns, neurons could be classified as
either regular-spiking (RS) cells, intrinsically burst-spiking (IB)
cells, or fast-spiking (FS) cells. Some recordings responded to current
injection with a complex spike pattern characteristic of apical
dendrites. All cell types had high rates of spontaneous postsynaptic
potentials, both excitatory (EPSPs) and inhibitory (IPSPs). Some
spontaneous EPSPs reached threshold, and these typically elicited only
single action potentials in RS cells, bursts of action potentials in FS
cells and IB cells, and a small, fast spike or a complex spike in
dendrites. Deflection of single whiskers evoked a fast initial EPSP, a
prolonged IPSP, and delayed EPSPs in all cell types. The intrinsic
firing pattern of cells predicted their short-latency whisker-evoked
spiking patterns. All cell types responded best to one or,
occasionally, two primary whiskers, but typically 6-15 surrounding
whiskers also generated significant synaptic responses. The initial
EPSP had a relatively fixed amplitude and latency, and its amplitude in
response to first-order surrounding whiskers was ~55% of that
induced by the primary whisker. Second- and third-order surrounding
whiskers evoked responses of ~27 and 12%, respectively. The latency
of the initial EPSP was shortest for the primary whiskers, longer for
surrounding whiskers, and varied with the neurons' depth below the
pia. EPSP latency was shortest in the granular layer, longer in
supragranular layers, and longest in infragranular layers. The
receptive field size, defined as the total number of fast EPSP-inducing
whiskers, was independent of each cell's intrinsic firing type, its
subpial depth, or the whisker stimulus parameters. On average,
receptive fields included >10 whiskers. Our results show that single
neurons integrate rapid synaptic responses from a large proportion of the mystacial vibrissae, and suggest that the whisker-evoked responses of barrel neurons are a function of both synaptic inputs and intrinsic membrane properties.
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A. A. Ghazanfar and M. A. L. Nicolelis Feature Article: The Structure and Function of Dynamic Cortical and Thalamic Receptive Fields Cereb Cortex, March 1, 2001; 11(3): 183 - 193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Berger, M. E. Larkum, and H.-R. Luscher High Ih Channel Density in the Distal Apical Dendrite of Layer V Pyramidal Cells Increases Bidirectional Attenuation of EPSPs J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2001; 85(2): 855 - 868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. Häusser, N. Spruston, and G. J. Stuart Diversity and Dynamics of Dendritic Signaling Science, October 27, 2000; 290(5492): 739 - 744. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. C. H. Petersen and B. Sakmann The Excitatory Neuronal Network of Rat Layer 4 Barrel Cortex J. Neurosci., October 15, 2000; 20(20): 7579 - 7586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. J. Freeman and J. M. Barrie Analysis of Spatial Patterns of Phase in Neocortical Gamma EEGs in Rabbit J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2000; 84(3): 1266 - 1278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. N. S. Sachdev, H. Sellien, and F. F. Ebner Direct Inhibition Evoked by Whisker Stimulation in Somatic Sensory (SI) Barrel Field Cortex of the Awake Rat J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2000; 84(3): 1497 - 1504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. S. Jones, K. D. MacDonald, B. Choi, F. E. Dudek, and D. S. Barth Intracellular Correlates of Fast (>200 Hz) Electrical Oscillations in Rat Somatosensory Cortex J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2000; 84(3): 1505 - 1518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Shimegi, T. Akasaki, T. Ichikawa, and H. Sato Physiological and Anatomical Organization of Multiwhisker Response Interactions in the Barrel Cortex of Rats J. Neurosci., August 15, 2000; 20(16): 6241 - 6248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Prakash, P. Vanderhaeghen, S. Cohen-Cory, J. Frisen, J. G. Flanagan, and R. D. Frostig Malformation of the Functional Organization of Somatosensory Cortex in Adult Ephrin-A5 Knock-Out Mice Revealed by In Vivo Functional Imaging J. Neurosci., August 1, 2000; 20(15): 5841 - 5847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J J. Zhu Maturation of layer 5 neocortical pyramidal neurons: amplifying salient layer 1 and layer 4 inputs by Ca2+ action potentials in adult rat tuft dendrites J. Physiol., August 1, 2000; 526(3): 571 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. A. Ghazanfar, C. R. Stambaugh, and M. A. L. Nicolelis Encoding of Tactile Stimulus Location by Somatosensory Thalamocortical Ensembles J. Neurosci., May 15, 2000; 20(10): 3761 - 3775. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. E. Larkum, K. M. M. Kaiser, and B. Sakmann Calcium electrogenesis in distal apical dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal cells at a critical frequency of back-propagating action potentials PNAS, December 7, 1999; 96(25): 14600 - 14604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. L. Golding, H.-y. Jung, T. Mickus, and N. Spruston Dendritic Calcium Spike Initiation and Repolarization Are Controlled by Distinct Potassium Channel Subtypes in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons J. Neurosci., October 15, 1999; 19(20): 8789 - 8798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. A. Hirsch, L. M. Martinez, J.-M. Alonso, K. Desai, C. Pillai, and C. Pierre Synaptic physiology of the flow of information in the cat's visual cortex in vivo J. Physiol., February 8, 2002; (2002) 200101277. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M. Ito and M. Kato Analysis of variance study of the rat cortical layer 4 barrel and layer 5b neurones J. Physiol., January 18, 2002; (2002) 200101300. [Abstract] [PDF]
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