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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 81 No. 4 April 1999, pp. 1661-1665
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Basic Science Division, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York
Rosenzweig, Sophia,
Wentao Yan,
Maximillian Dasso, and
Andrew I. Spielman.
Possible novel mechanism for bitter taste mediated through cGMP.
Taste is the least understood among sensory systems, and bitter
taste mechanisms pose a special challenge because they are elicited by
a large variety of compounds. We studied bitter taste signal
transduction with the quench-flow method and monitored the rapid
kinetics of the second messenger guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate
(cGMP) production and degradation in mouse taste tissue. In response to
the bitter stimulants, caffeine and theophylline but not strychnine or
denatonium cGMP levels demonstrated a rapid and transient increase that
peaked at 50 ms and gradually declined throughout the following
4.5 s. The theophylline- and caffeine-induced effect was rapid,
transient, concentration dependent and gustatory tissue-specific. The
effect could be partially suppressed in the presence of the soluble
guanylyl cyclase (GC) inhibitor 10 µM ODQ and 30 µM methylene blue
but not 50 µM LY 83583 and boosted by nitric oxide donors 25 µM
NOR-3 or 100 µM sodium nitroprusside. The proposed mechanism for this
novel cGMP-mediated bitter taste signal transduction is cGMP production
partially by the soluble GC and caffeine-induced inhibition of one or
several phosphodiesterases.
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