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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 81 No. 4 April 1999, pp. 1827-1838
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
Li, Chiang-Shan Ray,
Pietro Mazzoni, and
Richard A. Andersen.
Effect of reversible inactivation of macaque lateral intraparietal area
on visual and memory saccades. Previous studies from our
laboratory identified a parietal eye field in the primate lateral
intraparietal sulcus, the lateral intraparietal area (area LIP). Here
we further explore the role of area LIP in processing saccadic eye
movements by observing the effects of reversible inactivation of this
area. One to 2 µl of muscimol (8 mg/ml) were injected at locations
where saccade-related activities were recorded for each lesion
experiment. After the muscimol injection we observed in two macaque
monkeys consistent effects on both the metrics and dynamics of saccadic
eye movements at many injection sites. These effects usually took place
within 10-30 min and disappeared after 5-6 h in most cases and
certainly when tested the next day. After muscimol injection memory
saccades directed toward the contralesional and upper space became
hypometric, and in one monkey those to the ipsilesional space were
slightly but significantly hypermetric. In some cases, the scatter of
the end points of memory saccades was also increased. On the other
hand, the metrics of visual saccades remained relatively intact.
Latency for both visual and memory saccades toward the contralesional
space was increased and in many cases displayed a higher variance after
muscimol lesion. At many injection sites we also observed an increase
of latency for visual and memory saccades toward the upper space. The
peak velocities for memory saccades toward the contralesional space were decreased after muscimol injection. The peak velocities of visual
saccades were not significantly different from those of the controls.
The duration of saccadic eye movements either to the ipsilesional or
contralesional space remained relatively the same for both visual and
memory saccades. Overall these results demonstrated that we were able
to selectively inactivate area LIP and observe effects on saccadic eye
movements. Together with our previous recording studies these results
futher support the view that area LIP plays a direct role in processing
incoming sensory information to program saccadic eye movements. The
results are consistent with our unit recording data and
microstimulation studies, which suggest that area LIP represents
contralateral space and also has a bias for the upper visual field.
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