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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 81 No. 4 April 1999, pp. 1856-1865
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, 67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
Hess, Dietmar and
Ansgar Büschges.
Role of proprioceptive signals from an insect femur-tibia joint in
patterning motoneuronal activity of an adjacent leg joint. Interjoint reflex function of the insect leg contributes to postural control at rest or to movement control during locomotor movements. In
the stick insect (Carausius morosus), we investigated the
role that sensory signals from the femoral chordotonal organ (fCO), the
transducer of the femur-tibia (FT) joint, play in patterning motoneuronal activity in the adjacent coxa-trochanteral (CT) joint when
the joint control networks are in the movement control mode of the
active behavioral state. In the active behavioral state, sensory
signals from the fCO induced transitions of activity between antagonistic motoneuron pools, i.e., the levator trochanteris and the
depressor trochanteris motoneurons. As such, elongation of the fCO,
signaling flexion of the FT joint, terminated depressor motoneuron
activity and initiated activity in levator motoneurons. Relaxation of
the fCO, signaling extension of the FT joint, induced the opposite
transition by initiating depressor motoneuron activity and terminating
levator motoneuron activity. This interjoint influence of sensory
signals from the fCO was independent of the generation of the
intrajoint reflex reversal in the FT joint, i.e., the "active reaction," which is released by elongation signals from the fCO. The
generation of these transitions in activity of trochanteral motoneurons
barely depended on position or velocity signals from the fCO. This
contrasts with the situation in the resting behavioral state when
interjoint reflex action markedly depends on actual fCO stimulus
parameters, i.e., position and velocity signals. In the active
behavioral state, movement signals from the fCO obviously trigger or
release centrally generated transitions in motoneuron activity, e.g.,
by affecting central rhythm generating networks driving trochanteral
motoneuron pools. This conclusion was tested by stimulating the fCO in
"fictive rhythmic" preparations, activated by the muscarinic
agonist pilocarpine in the otherwise isolated and deafferented
mesothoracic ganglion. In this situation, sensory signals from the fCO
did in fact reset and entrain rhythmic activity in trochanteral
motoneurons. The results indicate for the first time that when the
stick insect locomotor system is active, sensory signals from the
proprioceptor of one leg joint, i.e., the fCO, pattern motor activity
in an adjacent leg joint, i.e., the CT joint, by affecting the central
rhythm generating network driving the motoneurons of the adjacent joint.
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