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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 1 July 1999, pp. 330-342
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
1Division of Biology and 2Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
Grunewald, Alexander,
Jennifer F. Linden, and
Richard A. Andersen.
Responses to Auditory Stimuli in Macaque Lateral Intraparietal
Area I. Effects of Training. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 330-342, 1999.
The lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of
macaques has been considered unresponsive to auditory stimulation.
Recent reports, however, indicate that neurons in this area respond to
auditory stimuli in the context of an auditory-saccade task. Is this
difference in auditory responsiveness of LIP due to auditory-saccade
training? To address this issue, LIP responses in two monkeys were
recorded at two different times: before and after auditory-saccade
training. Before auditory-saccade training, the animals had never been
trained on any auditory task, but had been trained on visual tasks. In both sets of experiments, activity of LIP neurons was recorded while
auditory and visual stimuli were presented and the animals were
fixating. Before training, 172 LIP neurons were recorded. Among these,
the number of cells responding to auditory stimuli did not reach
significance, whereas about one-half of the cells responded to visual
stimuli. An information theory analysis confirmed that no information
about auditory stimulus location was available in LIP neurons in the
experiments before training. After training, activity from 160 cells
was recorded. These experiments showed that 12% of cells in area LIP
responded to auditory stimuli, whereas the proportion of cells
responding to visual stimuli remained about the same as before
training. The information theory analysis confirmed that, after
training, information about auditory stimulus location was available in
LIP neurons. Auditory-saccade training therefore generated
responsiveness to auditory stimuli de novo in LIP neurons. Thus some
LIP cells become active for auditory stimuli in a passive fixation
task, once the animals have learned that these stimuli are important
for oculomotor behavior.
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