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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 2 August 1999, pp. 526-532
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Volen Center for Complex Systems, Biology Department, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454
Chen, Huan-Xin,
Nikolai Otmakhov, and
John Lisman.
Requirements for LTP Induction by Pairing in Hippocampal CA1
Pyramidal Cells. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 526-532, 1999. The induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the
hippocampal CA1 region requires both presynaptic activity and large
postsynaptic depolarization. A standard protocol for inducing LTP using
whole-cell recording is to pair low-frequency synaptic stimulation
(100-200 pulses, 1-2 Hz) with a depolarizing voltage-clamp pulse
(1-3 min duration). In this standard protocol, a Cs+-based
internal solution is used to improve the fidelity of the depolarization
produced by voltage-clamp. In an attempt to induce LTP more rapidly, we
tried to induce LTP by pairing high-frequency stimulation (200 pulses,
20-100 Hz) with a short depolarization (~15 s). Surprisingly, we
found that this protocol failed to induce LTP, even though large LTP
(~300% of baseline) could be induced by a subsequent standard
protocol in the same cell. Pairing brief high-frequency stimulation at
the beginning of a long depolarization (3 min) also did not induce LTP.
However, the same high-frequency stimulation at the end of the long
depolarization did induce LTP. When similar experiments were done with
a K+-based internal solution, pairing high-frequency
stimulation with a short depolarization did induce LTP. This indicates
that the requirement for long depolarization is related to the use of
Cs+. We speculate that, when recording is made with
Cs+, a tetanus given at the beginning of depolarization
initiates a process that inhibits
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-dependent LTP.
This inhibitory process itself decays away during prolonged depolarization.
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