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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 2 August 1999, pp. 787-803
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Physiology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; and Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
Fukushima, Kikuro,
Junko Fukushima,
Chris
R. S. Kaneko, and
Albert F. Fuchs.
Vertical Purkinje Cells of the Monkey Floccular Lobe:
Simple-Spike Activity During Pursuit and Passive Whole Body Rotation. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 787-803, 1999. To understand how the simian floccular lobe is involved in
vertical smooth pursuit eye movements and the vertical vestibuloocular reflex (VOR), we examined simple-spike activity of 70 Purkinje (P)
cells during pursuit eye movements and passive whole body rotation.
Fifty-eight cells responded during vertical and 12 during horizontal
pursuit. We classified P cells as vertical gaze velocity (V
) if
their modulation occurred for movements of both the eye (during
vertical pursuit) and head (during pitch VOR suppression) with the
modulation during one less than twice that of the other and was less
during the target-fixed-in-space condition (pitch VOR X1) than during
pitch VOR suppression. V P cells constituted only a minority of
vertical P cells (19%). Other vertical P cells that responded during
pitch VOR suppression were classified as vertical eye and head velocity
(V
/
) P cells (48%), regardless of the synergy of their
response direction during smooth pursuit and VOR suppression. Vertical
P cells that did not respond during pitch VOR suppression but did
respond during rotation in vertical planes other than pitch were
classified as off-pitch V/ P cells (33%). The mean
eye-velocity and eye-position sensitivities of the three types of
vertical P cells were similar. One-third (2/7 V, 2/11
V/, 6/13 off-pitch V/), in addition, showed eye position sensitivity during saccade-free fixations. Maximal vestibular activation directions (MADs) were examined during VOR suppression by applying vertical whole body rotation with the monkeys
oriented in different vertical planes. The MADs for V P cells
and V/ P cells with eye and vestibular sensitivity in the
same direction were distributed near the pitch plane, suggesting convergence of bilateral anterior canal inputs. In contrast, MADs of
off-pitch V/ P cells and V/ P cells with
oppositely directed eye and vestibular sensitivity were shifted toward
the roll plane, suggesting convergence of anterior and posterior canal inputs of the same side. Unlike horizontal P cells, the
modulation of many V and V/ P cells when the
target was fixed in space (pitch VOR X1) was not well predicted by the
linear addition of their modulations during vertical pursuit and pitch
VOR suppression. These results indicate that the populations of
vertical and horizontal eye-movement P cells in the floccular lobe have
markedly different discharge properties and therefore may be involved
in different kinds of processing of vestibular-oculomotor interactions.
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