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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 2 August 1999, pp. 841-854
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1317
Gebber, Gerard L.,
Sheng Zhong,
Craig Lewis, and
Susan M. Barman.
Differential Patterns of Spinal Sympathetic Outflow Involving
a 10-Hz Rhythm. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 841-854, 1999. Time and frequency domain analyses were used to examine
the changes in the relationships between the discharges of the inferior cardiac (CN) and vertebral (VN) postganglionic sympathetic nerves produced by electrical activation of the midbrain periaqueductal gray
(PAG) in urethan-anesthetized, baroreceptor-denervated cats. CN-VN
coherence and phase angle in the 10-Hz band served as measures of the
coupling of the central oscillators controlling these nerves. The 10-Hz
rhythm in CN and VN discharges was entrained 1:1 to electrical stimuli
applied to the PAG at frequencies between 7 and 12 Hz. CN 10-Hz
discharges were increased, and VN 10-Hz discharges were decreased when
the frequency of PAG stimulation was equal to or above that of the
free-running rhythm. In contrast, stimulation of the same PAG sites at
lower frequencies increased, albeit disproportionately, the 10-Hz
discharges of both nerves. In either case, PAG stimulation significantly increased the phase angle between the two signals (VN
10-Hz activity lagged CN activity); coherence values relating their
discharges were little affected. However, the increase in phase angle
was significantly more pronounced when the 10-Hz discharges of the two
nerves were reciprocally affected. Importantly, partialization of the
phase spectrum using the PAG stimuli did not reverse the change in
CN-VN phase angle. This observation suggests that the increase in the
CN-VN phase angle reflected changes in the phase relations between
coupled oscillators in the brain stem rather than the difference in
conduction times to the two nerves from the site of PAG stimulation. In
contrast to the effects elicited by PAG stimulation, stimulation of the
medullary lateral tegmental field induced uniform increases in the
10-Hz discharges of the two nerves and no change in the CN-VN phase
angle. Our results demonstrate that changes in the phase relations
among coupled brain stem 10-Hz oscillators are accompanied by
differential patterns of spinal sympathetic outflow. The reciprocal
changes in CN and VN discharges produced by PAG stimulation are
consistent with the pattern of spinal sympathetic outflow expected
during the defense reaction.
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