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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 2 August 1999, pp. 891-908
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Group in Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-2020
Anzai, Akiyuki,
Izumi Ohzawa, and
Ralph D. Freeman.
Neural Mechanisms for Processing Binocular Information I. Simple Cells. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 891-908, 1999. The visual system integrates information from the left
and right eyes and constructs a visual world that is perceived as
single and three dimensional. To understand neural mechanisms
underlying this process, it is important to learn about how signals
from the two eyes interact at the level of single neurons. Using a sophisticated receptive field (RF) mapping technique that employs binary m-sequences, we have determined the rules of binocular interactions exhibited by simple cells in the cat's striate cortex in
relation to the structure of their monocular RFs. We find that binocular interaction RFs of most simple cells are well described as
the product of left and right eye RFs. Therefore the binocular interactions depend not only on binocular disparity but also on monocular stimulus position or phase. The binocular interaction RF is
consistent with that predicted by a model of a linear binocular filter
followed by a static nonlinearity. The static nonlinearity is shown to
have a shape of a half-power function with an average exponent of ~2.
Although the initial binocular convergence of signals is linear, the
static nonlinearity makes binocular interaction multiplicative at the
output of simple cells. This multiplicative binocular interaction is a
key ingredient for the computation of interocular cross-correlation, an
algorithm for solving the stereo correspondence problem. Therefore
simple cells may perform initial computations necessary to solve this problem.
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