JN Watch the video to learn how APS reaches out to developing nations.
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

J Neurophysiol 82: 891-908, 1999;
0022-3077/99 $5.00
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Anzai, A.
Right arrow Articles by Freeman, R. D.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Anzai, A.
Right arrow Articles by Freeman, R. D.

The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 2 August 1999, pp. 891-908
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society

Neural Mechanisms for Processing Binocular Information I. Simple Cells

Akiyuki Anzai, Izumi Ohzawa, and Ralph D. Freeman

Group in Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-2020

Anzai, Akiyuki, Izumi Ohzawa, and Ralph D. Freeman. Neural Mechanisms for Processing Binocular Information I. Simple Cells. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 891-908, 1999. The visual system integrates information from the left and right eyes and constructs a visual world that is perceived as single and three dimensional. To understand neural mechanisms underlying this process, it is important to learn about how signals from the two eyes interact at the level of single neurons. Using a sophisticated receptive field (RF) mapping technique that employs binary m-sequences, we have determined the rules of binocular interactions exhibited by simple cells in the cat's striate cortex in relation to the structure of their monocular RFs. We find that binocular interaction RFs of most simple cells are well described as the product of left and right eye RFs. Therefore the binocular interactions depend not only on binocular disparity but also on monocular stimulus position or phase. The binocular interaction RF is consistent with that predicted by a model of a linear binocular filter followed by a static nonlinearity. The static nonlinearity is shown to have a shape of a half-power function with an average exponent of ~2. Although the initial binocular convergence of signals is linear, the static nonlinearity makes binocular interaction multiplicative at the output of simple cells. This multiplicative binocular interaction is a key ingredient for the computation of interocular cross-correlation, an algorithm for solving the stereo correspondence problem. Therefore simple cells may perform initial computations necessary to solve this problem.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
L. Verhagen, H. C. Dijkerman, M. J. Grol, and I. Toni
Perceptuo-Motor Interactions during Prehension Movements
J. Neurosci., April 30, 2008; 28(18): 4726 - 4735.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
T. Duong and R. D. Freeman
Contrast Sensitivity Is Enhanced by Expansive Nonlinear Processing in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2008; 99(1): 367 - 372.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
D. L. Ringach and B. J. Malone
The Operating Point of the Cortex: Neurons as Large Deviation Detectors
J. Neurosci., July 18, 2007; 27(29): 7673 - 7683.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
T. Duong and R. D. Freeman
Spatial Frequency-Specific Contrast Adaptation Originates in the Primary Visual Cortex
J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2007; 98(1): 187 - 195.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
T. M. Sanada and I. Ohzawa
Encoding of Three-Dimensional Surface Slant in Cat Visual Areas 17 and 18
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2006; 95(5): 2768 - 2786.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
S. Tanabe, T. Doi, K. Umeda, and I. Fujita
Disparity-Tuning Characteristics of Neuronal Responses to Dynamic Random-Dot Stereograms in Macaque Visual Area V4
J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2005; 94(4): 2683 - 2699.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Exp. Biol.Home page
R. J. Vickerstaff and E. A. Di Paolo
Evolving neural models of path integration
J. Exp. Biol., September 1, 2005; 208(17): 3349 - 3366.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
B. Zhang, H. Bi, E. Sakai, I. Maruko, J. Zheng, E. L. Smith III, and Y. M. Chino
Rapid plasticity of binocular connections in developing monkey visual cortex (V1)
PNAS, June 21, 2005; 102(25): 9026 - 9031.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
S. Nishimoto, M. Arai, and I. Ohzawa
Accuracy of Subspace Mapping of Spatiotemporal Frequency Domain Visual Receptive Fields
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2005; 93(6): 3524 - 3536.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
R. Perez, A. F. Castro, M. S. Justo, M. A. Bermudez, and F. Gonzalez
Retinal Correspondence of Monocular Receptive Fields in Disparity-Sensitive Complex Cells from Area V1 in the Awake Monkey
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2005; 46(4): 1533 - 1539.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Neural Comput.Home page
Y. Chen and N. Qian
A Coarse-to-Fine Disparity Energy Model with Both Phase-Shift and Position-Shift Receptive Field Mechanisms
Neural Comput., August 1, 2004; 16(8): 1545 - 1577.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Neural Comput.Home page
E. K. C. Tsang and B. E. Shi
A Preference for Phase-Based Disparity in a Neuromorphic Implementation of the Binocular Energy Model
Neural Comput., August 1, 2004; 16(8): 1579 - 1600.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
D. L. Ringach
Mapping receptive fields in primary visual cortex
J. Physiol., August 1, 2004; 558(3): 717 - 728.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
R. A. Frazor, D. G. Albrecht, W. S. Geisler, and A. M. Crane
Visual Cortex Neurons of Monkeys and Cats: Temporal Dynamics of the Spatial Frequency Response Function
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2004; 91(6): 2607 - 2627.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. R. Peterson, B. Li, and R. D. Freeman
The Derivation of Direction Selectivity in the Striate Cortex
J. Neurosci., April 7, 2004; 24(14): 3583 - 3591.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
M. D. Menz and R. D. Freeman
Temporal Dynamics of Binocular Disparity Processing in the Central Visual Pathway
J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2004; 91(4): 1782 - 1793.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
M. D. Menz and R. D. Freeman
Functional Connectivity of Disparity-Tuned Neurons in the Visual Cortex
J Neurophysiol, April 1, 2004; 91(4): 1794 - 1807.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
H. Nienborg, H. Bridge, A. J. Parker, and B. G. Cumming
Receptive Field Size in V1 Neurons Limits Acuity for Perceiving Disparity Modulation
J. Neurosci., March 3, 2004; 24(9): 2065 - 2076.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. S. Banks, S. Gepshtein, and M. S. Landy
Why Is Spatial Stereoresolution So Low?
J. Neurosci., March 3, 2004; 24(9): 2077 - 2089.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
J. C. A. Read and B. G. Cumming
Ocular Dominance Predicts Neither Strength Nor Class of Disparity Selectivity With Random-Dot Stimuli in Primate V1
J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2004; 91(3): 1271 - 1281.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
B. Zhang, K. Matsuura, T. Mori, J. M. Wensveen, R. S. Harwerth, E. L. Smith III, and Y. Chino
Binocular Deficits Associated With Early Alternating Monocular Defocus. II. Neurophysiological Observations
J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2003; 90(5): 3012 - 3023.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
J. C. A. Read and B. G. Cumming
Testing Quantitative Models of Binocular Disparity Selectivity in Primary Visual Cortex
J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2003; 90(5): 2795 - 2817.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Neural Comput.Home page
C. Kayser, K. P. Kording, and P. Konig
Learning the Nonlinearity of Neurons from Natural Visual Stimuli
Neural Comput., August 1, 2003; 15(8): 1751 - 1759.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
B. Li, M. R. Peterson, and R. D. Freeman
Oblique Effect: A Neural Basis in the Visual Cortex
J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2003; 90(1): 204 - 217.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
J. Touryan, B. Lau, and Y. Dan
Isolation of Relevant Visual Features from Random Stimuli for Cortical Complex Cells
J. Neurosci., December 15, 2002; 22(24): 10811 - 10818.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
K. F. Ahrens, H. Levine, H. Suhl, and D. Kleinfeld
Spectral mixing of rhythmic neuronal signals in sensory cortex
PNAS, November 12, 2002; 99(23): 15176 - 15181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
B. Lau, G. B. Stanley, and Y. Dan
Computational subunits of visual cortical neurons revealed by artificial neural networks
PNAS, June 25, 2002; 99(13): 8974 - 8979.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Neural Comput.Home page
J. C. A. Read
A Bayesian Approach to the Stereo Correspondence Problem
Neural Comput., June 1, 2002; 14(6): 1371 - 1392.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. A. Escabi and C. E. Schreiner
Nonlinear Spectrotemporal Sound Analysis by Neurons in the Auditory Midbrain
J. Neurosci., May 15, 2002; 22(10): 4114 - 4131.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
K. D. Miller and T. W. Troyer
Neural Noise Can Explain Expansive, Power-Law Nonlinearities in Neural Response Functions
J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2002; 87(2): 653 - 659.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Neural Comput.Home page
M. Schmitt
On the Complexity of Computing and Learning with Multiplicative Neural Networks
Neural Comput., February 1, 2002; 14(2): 241 - 301.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
S.J.D. Prince, A. D. Pointon, B. G. Cumming, and A. J. Parker
Quantitative Analysis of the Responses of V1 Neurons to Horizontal Disparity in Dynamic Random-Dot Stereograms
J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2002; 87(1): 191 - 208.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
S.J.D. Prince, B. G. Cumming, and A. J. Parker
Range and Mechanism of Encoding of Horizontal Disparity in Macaque V1
J Neurophysiol, January 1, 2002; 87(1): 209 - 221.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
D. J. Wielaard, M. Shelley, D. McLaughlin, and R. Shapley
How Simple Cells Are Made in a Nonlinear Network Model of the Visual Cortex
J. Neurosci., July 15, 2001; 21(14): 5203 - 5211.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
Y. Chen, Y. Wang, and N. Qian
Modeling V1 Disparity Tuning to Time-Varying Stimuli
J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2001; 86(1): 143 - 155.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
A. Anzai, I. Ohzawa, and R. D. Freeman
Neural Mechanisms for Encoding Binocular Disparity: Receptive Field Position Versus Phase
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1999; 82(2): 874 - 890.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
A. Anzai, I. Ohzawa, and R. D. Freeman
Neural Mechanisms for Processing Binocular Information II. Complex Cells
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 1999; 82(2): 909 - 924.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Visit Other APS Journals Online