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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 4 October 1999, pp. 1808-1817
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
1Department of Neurobiology and 2Department of Mathematics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
Brumberg, Joshua C.,
David J Pinto, and
Daniel J. Simons.
Cortical Columnar Processing in the Rat Whisker-to-Barrel System. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 1808-1817, 1999. Controlled whisker stimulation and single-unit recordings were
used to elucidate response transformations that occur during the
processing of tactile information from ventral posterior medial thalamus (VPM) through cortical columns in the rat whisker/barrel cortex. Whiskers were either deflected alone, using punctate
ramp-and-hold stimuli, or in combination with a random noise vibration
applied simultaneously to two or more neighboring whiskers.
Quantitative data were obtained from five anatomically defined groups
of neurons based on their being located in: VPM, layer IV barrels,
layer IV septa, supragranular laminae, and infragranular laminae.
Neurons in each of these populations displayed characteristic
properties related to their response latency and time course, relative
magnitudes of responses evoked by stimulus onset versus offset,
strength of excitatory responses evoked by the noise stimulus, and/or
the degree to which the noise stimulus, when applied to neighboring whiskers, suppressed or facilitated responses evoked by the columnar whisker. Results indicate that within layer IV itself there are at
least two anatomically distinct networks, barrel and septum, that
independently process afferent information, transforming thalamic input
in similar but quantitatively distinguishable ways. Transformed signals
are passed on to circuits in supragranular and infragranular laminae.
In the case of supragranular neurons, evidence suggests that circuits
there function in a qualitatively different fashion from those in layer
IV, diminishing response differentials between weak and strong inputs,
rather than enhancing them. Compared to layer IV, the greater
heterogeneity of receptive field properties in nongranular layers
suggests the existence of multiple, operationally distinct local
circuits in the output layers of the cortical column.
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