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J Neurophysiol 82: 2171-2181, 1999;
0022-3077/99 $5.00
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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 5 November 1999, pp. 2171-2181
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society

Two Components of Transducer Adaptation in Auditory Hair Cells

Yuh-Cherng Wu, A. J. Ricci, and R. Fettiplace

Department of Physiology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Wu, Yuh-Cherng, A. J. Ricci, and R. Fettiplace. Two Components of Transducer Adaptation in Auditory Hair Cells. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 2171-2181, 1999. Mechanoelectrical transducer currents in turtle auditory hair cells adapted to maintained stimuli via a Ca2+-dependent mechanism characterized by two time constants of ~1 and 15 ms. The time course of adaptation slowed as the stimulus intensity was raised because of an increased prominence of the second component. The fast component of adaptation had a similar time constant for both positive and negative displacements and was unaffected by the myosin ATPase inhibitors, vanadate and butanedione monoxime. Adaptation was modeled by a scheme in which Ca2+ ions, entering through open transducer channels, bind at two intracellular sites to trigger independent processes leading to channel closure. It was assumed that the second site activates a modulator with 10-fold slower kinetics than the first site. The model was implemented by computing Ca2+ diffusion within a single stereocilium, incorporating intracellular calcium buffers and extrusion via a plasma membrane CaATPase. The theoretical results reproduced several features of the experimental responses, including sensitivity to the concentration of external Ca2+ and intracellular calcium buffer and a dependence on the onset speed of the stimulus. The model also generated damped oscillatory transducer responses at a frequency dependent on the rate constant for the fast adaptive process. The properties of fast adaptation make it unlikely to be mediated by a myosin motor, and we suggest that it may result from Ca2+ binding to the transducer channel or a nearby cytoskeletal element.




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