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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 5 November 1999, pp. 2602-2611
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Marine Biomedical Institute, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1069
Lin, Qing,
Jing Wu, and
William D. Willis.
Dorsal Root Reflexes and Cutaneous Neurogenic Inflammation After
Intradermal Injection of Capsaicin in Rats. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 2602-2611, 1999. The role of dorsal
root reflexes (DRRs) in acute cutaneous neurogenic inflammation induced
by intradermal injection of capsaicin (CAP) was examined in
anesthetized rats. Changes in cutaneous blood flow (flare) on the
plantar surface of the foot were measured using a laser Doppler
flowmeter, and neurogenic edema was examined by measurements of paw
thickness. To implicate DRRs in neurogenic inflammation after CAP
injection, the ipsilateral sciatic and femoral nerves were sectioned,
dorsal rhizotomies were performed at L3--S1,
and antagonists of GABA or excitatory amino acid receptors were
administered intrathecally. Intradermal injection of CAP evoked a flare
response that was largest at 15-20 mm from the injection site and that
spread >30 mm. Acute transection of the sciatic and femoral nerves or
dorsal rhizotomies nearly completely abolished the blood flow changes
15-20 mm from the CAP injection site, although there was only a
minimal effect on blood flow near the injection site. These procedures
also significantly reduced neurogenic edema. Intrathecal bicuculline,
6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, (CNQX) or
D(
)-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (AP7), but not phaclofen, also reduced dramatically the increases in blood flow 15-20
mm from the CAP injection site, but had only a minimal effect on blood
flow near the injection site. Neurogenic edema was reduced by the same
agents that reduced blood flow. Multiunit DRRs recorded from the
central stumps of cut dorsal rootlets in the lumbar spinal cord were
enhanced after CAP injection. This enhanced DRR activity could be
reduced significantly by posttreatment of the spinal cord with
bicuculline, CNQX or AP7, but not phaclofen. It is concluded that
peripheral cutaneous inflammation induced by intradermal injection of
CAP involves central nervous mechanisms. DRRs play a major role in the
development of neurogenic cutaneous inflammation, although a direct
action of CAP on peripheral nerve terminals or the generation of axon
reflexes also may contribute to changes in the skin near the injection site.
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