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J Neurophysiol 82: 3168-3174, 1999;
0022-3077/99 $5.00
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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 82 No. 6 December 1999, pp. 3168-3174
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society

Gentamicin Blocks Both Fast and Slow Effects of Olivocochlear Activation in Anesthetized Guinea Pigs

Naohiro Yoshida,1,2,4 M. Charles Liberman,1,2,3 M. Christian Brown,1,2 and William F. Sewell1,2,3

 1Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary;  2Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02114;  3Program in Neurosciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; and  4Department of Otolaryngology, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8574, Japan

Yoshida, Naohiro, M. Charles Liberman, M. Christian Brown, and William F. Sewell. Gentamicin Blocks Both Fast and Slow Effects of Olivocochlear Activation in Anesthetized Guinea Pigs. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 3168-3174, 1999. The medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent system, which innervates cochlear outer hair cells, suppresses cochlear responses. MOC-mediated suppression includes both slow and fast components, with time courses differing by three orders of magnitude. Pharmacological studies in anesthetized guinea pigs suggest that both slow and fast effects on cochlear responses require an initial acetylcholine activation of alpha -9 nicotinic receptors on outer hair cells and that slow effects require additional intracellular events downstream from those mediating fast effects. Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, has been reported to block fast effects of sound-evoked OC activation following intramuscular injection in unanesthetized guinea pigs, without changing slow effects. In the present study, we show that electrically evoked fast and slow effects in the anesthetized guinea pig are both blocked by either intramuscular or intracochlear gentamicin, with similar time courses and/or dose-response curves. We suggest that sound-evoked slow effects in unanesthetized animals are fundamentally different from electrically evoked slow effects in anesthetized animals, and that the former may arise from effects of the lateral OC system.




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