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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 83 No. 2 February 2000, pp. 1019-1030
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Dragoi, Valentin and
Mriganka Sur.
Dynamic Properties of Recurrent Inhibition in Primary Visual
Cortex: Contrast and Orientation Dependence of Contextual Effects. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1019-1030, 2000. A
fundamental feature of neural circuitry in the primary visual cortex
(V1) is the existence of recurrent excitatory connections between spiny
neurons, recurrent inhibitory connections between smooth neurons, and
local connections between excitatory and inhibitory neurons. We modeled
the dynamic behavior of intermixed excitatory and inhibitory
populations of cells in V1 that receive input from the classical
receptive field (the receptive field center) through feedforward
thalamocortical afferents, as well as input from outside the classical
receptive field (the receptive field surround) via long-range
intracortical connections. A counterintuitive result is that the
response of oriented cells can be facilitated beyond optimal levels
when the surround stimulus is cross-oriented with respect to the center
and suppressed when the surround stimulus is iso-oriented. This effect
is primarily due to changes in recurrent inhibition within a local
circuit. Cross-oriented surround stimulation leads to a reduction of
presynaptic inhibition and a supraoptimal response, whereas
iso-oriented surround stimulation has the opposite effect. This
mechanism is used to explain the orientation and contrast dependence of
contextual interactions in primary visual cortex: responses to a center
stimulus can be both strongly suppressed and supraoptimally facilitated
as a function of surround orientation, and these effects diminish as
stimulus contrast decreases.
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