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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 83 No. 3 March 2000, pp. 1202-1223
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Departments of 1Surgery (Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery) and 2Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
Brichta, Alan M. and
Jay M. Goldberg.
Morphological Identification of Physiologically Characterized
Afferents Innervating the Turtle Posterior Crista. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1202-1223, 2000. The turtle posterior
crista consists of two hemicristae. Each hemicrista extends from the
planum semilunatum to the nonsensory torus and includes a central zone
(CZ) surrounded by a peripheral zone (PZ). Type I and type II hair
cells are found in the CZ and are innervated by calyx, dimorphic and
bouton afferents. Only type II hair cells and bouton fibers are found
in the PZ. Units were intraaxonally labeled in a half-head preparation.
Bouton (B) units could be near the planum (BP), near the torus (BT), or
in midportions of a hemicrista, including the PZ and CZ. Discharge properties of B units vary with longitudinal position in a hemicrista but not with morphological features of their peripheral terminations. BP units are regularly discharging and have small gains and small phase
leads re angular head velocity. BT units are irregular and have large
gains and large phase leads. BM units have intermediate properties.
Calyx (C) and dimorphic (D) units have similar discharge properties and
were placed into a single calyx-bearing (CD) category. While having an
irregular discharge resembling BT units, CD units have gains and phases
similar to those of BM units. Rather than any single discharge
property, it is the relation between discharge regularity and either
gain or phase that makes CD units distinctive. Multivariate statistical
formulas were developed to infer a unit's morphological class (B or
CD) and longitudinal position solely from its discharge properties. To
verify the use of the formulas, discharge properties were compared for
units recorded intraaxonally or extracellularly in the half-head or
extracellularly in intact animals. Most B units have background rates
of 10-30 spikes/s. The CD category was separated into CD-high and
CD-low units with background rates above or below 5 spikes/s,
respectively. CD-low units have lower gains and phases and are located
nearer the planum than CD-high units. In their response dynamics over a
frequency range from 0.01-3 Hz, BP units conform to an overdamped
torsion-pendulum model. Other units show departures from the model,
including high-frequency gain increases and phase leads. The
longitudinal gradient in the physiology of turtle B units resembles a
similar gradient in the anamniote crista. In many respects, turtle CD
units have discharge properties resembling those of calyx-bearing units
in the mammalian central zone.
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T. E. Hullar, C. C. Della Santina, T. Hirvonen, D. M. Lasker, J. P. Carey, and L. B. Minor Responses of Irregularly Discharging Chinchilla Semicircular Canal Vestibular-Nerve Afferents During High-Frequency Head Rotations J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2005; 93(5): 2777 - 2786. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. M. Brichta and J. M. Goldberg Responses to Efferent Activation and Excitatory Response-Intensity Relations of Turtle Posterior-Crista Afferents J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2000; 83(3): 1224 - 1242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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