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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 83 No. 3 March 2000, pp. 1307-1314
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
The Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201
Fiorillo, Christopher D. and
John T. Williams.
Selective Inhibition by Adenosine of mGluR IPSPs in Dopamine
Neurons After Cocaine Treatment. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1307-1314, 2000. With repeated exposure to
psychostimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine, long-lasting changes
occur in the mesolimbic dopamine system that are thought to underlie
continued drug-seeking and relapse. One consequence of repeated cocaine
treatment is an increase in extracellular adenosine in the ventral
tegmental area (VTA), which results in tonic inhibition of synaptic
input to dopamine neurons. The synapse specificity of this
increased adenosine tone was examined on glutamate- and GABA-mediated
responses using the selective A1 receptor antagonist
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX). The slow, metabotropic
glutamate receptor (mGluR)-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic potential
(IPSP) was enhanced by DPCPX only in slices from
psychostimulant-treated animals. Under resting conditions, DPCPX was
without effect on fast excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in
slices from saline- or cocaine-treated animals. However, in the
presence of amphetamine, DPCPX did augment fast EPSCs in slices from
cocaine-treated rats. Although DPCPX increased GABAB IPSPs,
the magnitude of the increase was not altered by cocaine pretreatment,
even in the presence of amphetamine. This suggests that the elevated
adenosine tone induced by cocaine treatment acts preferentially on
glutamate terminals. Furthermore, the inhibition of the mGluR IPSP by
endogenous adenosine may result in more effective burst firing mediated
by glutamate afferents in cocaine-treated rats, a phenomenon known to
enhance dopamine release.
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