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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 83 No. 3 March 2000, pp. 1662-1676
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Surgery (Otolaryngology) and Anatomy, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216-4505; and Department of Otolaryngology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550
Angelaki, Dora E.,
M. Quinn McHenry,
J. David Dickman, and
Adrian A. Perachio.
Primate Translational Vestibuloocular Reflexes. III. Effects of
Bilateral Labyrinthine Electrical Stimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 1662-1676, 2000. The effects of
functional, reversible ablation and potential recruitment of the most
irregular otolith afferents on the dynamics and sensitivity of the
translational vestibuloocular reflexes (trVORs) were investigated in
rhesus monkeys trained to fixate near and far targets. Translational
motion stimuli consisted of either steady-state lateral and fore-aft
sinusoidal oscillations or short-lasting transient lateral head
displacements. Short-duration (usually <2 s) anodal (inhibitory) and
cathodal (excitatory) currents (50-100 µA) were delivered
bilaterally during motion. In the presence of anodal labyrinthine
stimulation, trVOR sensitivity and its dependence on viewing distance
were significantly decreased. In addition, anodal currents
significantly increased phase lags. During transient motion, anodal
stimulation resulted in significantly lower initial eye acceleration
and more sluggish responses. Cathodal currents tended to have opposite
effects. The main characteristics of these results were simulated by a
simple model where both regularly and irregularly discharging afferents
contribute to the trVORs. Anodal labyrinthine currents also were found
to decrease eye velocity during long-duration, constant velocity
rotations, although results were generally more variable compared with
those during translational motion.
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