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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 83 No. 4 April 2000, pp. 2355-2373
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
1Department of Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575; and 2The Core Research for the Evolutional Science and Technology Program, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
Hoshi, Eiji,
Keisetsu Shima, and
Jun Tanji.
Neuronal Activity in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex in the Process
of Motor Selection Based on Two Behavioral Rules. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 2355-2373, 2000. This study
examined neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex (PF) involved in
the process of motor selection in accordance with two behavioral rules.
We trained two monkeys to select a target based on the integration of
memorized and current sensory information. Initially, a sample cue
(triangle or circle) appeared at one of three locations (top, left, or
right) for 1 s. After a 3-s delay, one of two types of choice cue
appeared. The first type asked the monkeys to reach for a target by
matching the location (location-matching task). The second type asked
the monkeys to reach for a target by matching the shape (shape-matching
task). The choice cue for location matching consisted of either three circles or three triangles, and the choice cue for shape matching consisted of a circle and a triangle. When the color of the choice cue
changed from red to green 1.5 s later (GO signal), the monkeys touched the correct object to obtain a reward. We found cue-, delay-,
choice-, and movement-related neuronal activity in the lateral
prefrontal cortex. During the sample cue presentation and delay
periods, we found selective neuronal activity for the location or shape
of the sample cue. Shape-selective neurons were located more anteriorly
in the ventral bank of the principal sulcus and inferior convexity
area, whereas location-selective neurons were more posteriorly. After
the choice cue appeared, we found three main types of neuronal activity
in the critical period when the subject selected the future target:
1) activity reflecting past sensory information (the
location or shape of the sample cue presented 3 s earlier),
2) activity selective for the configuration of the
current choice cue, and 3) activity reflecting the
properties (location or shape) of the future target. During the
motor-response period, we found neuronal activity selective for the
location or shape of the reaching target. When muscimol was
microinjected into the ventral bank of principal sulcus and inferior
convexity area, the performance of both tasks was impaired.
Furthermore, we found that the wealth of neuronal activity in the PF
that seemed to play a role in motor selection was rarely seen in the
primary motor cortex.
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