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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 83 No. 5 May 2000, pp. 2946-2955
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Bosco, G. and
R. E. Poppele.
Reference Frames for Spinal Proprioception: Kinematics Based or
Kinetics Based?. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 2946-2955, 2000. This second paper of the series deals with
another issue regarding sensorimotor representations in the CNS that
has received much attention, namely the relative weighting of kinematic
and kinetic representations. The question we address here is the
contribution of muscle tension afferent information in dorsal
spinocerebellar tract (DSCT) sensory representations of foot position.
In five anesthetized cats, we activated major hindlimb muscle groups
using electrical stimulation of ventral root filaments while passively positioning of the left hind foot throughout its workspace. In general,
as the parameters of the joint angle covariance planes indicated,
muscle stimulation did not significantly change hindlimb geometry. We
analyzed the effects of the muscle stimulation on DSCT neuronal
activity within the framework of a kinematic-based representation of
foot position. We used a multivariate regression model described in the
companion paper, wherein indicators of the experimental condition were
added as firing rate predictors along with the limb axis length and
orientation to account for possible effects of muscle stimulation. The
results indicated that the response gain of 35/59 neurons studied
(59%) was not changed by the muscle activations, although most neurons
showed some change in their overall firing level with stimulation of one or more muscles. Most of the neurons responded to pseudorandom stimulation of the same muscle groups with complex temporal patterns of
activity. For a subpopulation of 42 neurons, we investigated the extent
to which their representation of foot position was affected by a rigid
constraint of the knee joint and at least one type of muscle
stimulation. Although they could be divided into four subgroups based
on significance level cutoffs for the constraint or stimulation effect,
these effects were in fact quite distributed. However, when we examined
the preferred directions of spatial tuning relative to the limb axis
position, we found it was unchanged by muscle stimulation for most
cells. Even in those cases in which response gain was altered by muscle
stimulation, the cell's preferred direction generally was unaltered.
The invariance of preferred direction with muscle stimulation lead us
to the conclusion that the reference frame for DSCT coding may be based primarily on limb kinematics.
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