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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 84 No. 1 July 2000, pp. 152-165
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Département de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
Messier, Julie and
John F. Kalaska.
Covariation of Primate Dorsal Premotor Cell Activity With
Direction and Amplitude During a Memorized-Delay Reaching Task. J. Neurophysiol. 84: 152-165, 2000. Extensive behavioral evidence suggests that the direction and amplitude
of reaching movements are planned as two independent parameters by the
motor system. However, whereas direction-related activity has been well
documented by neurophysiological studies in many motor structures
including the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), there is much less
concensus about the prominence and timing of amplitude-related premotor
activity. We studied this issue using an instructed-delay task in which
prior information about target location (direction and distance) must
be memorized before movement initiation. The results show that prior
information about distance is reflected in PMd activity during the
delay period well before movement initiation, and begins to be
expressed as early as 150 ms after presentation of target location. The
prominence of neural correlates with direction is relatively constant
throughout the trial, but distance correlates become gradually more
prominent with time, both during and after the delay period. A small
majority of cells were modulated only by direction during the delay
period, but very few were modulated only by distance, and most of the rest were modulated by both. Therefore PMd neurons usually process information about distance only in conjunction with directional information. These results do not support a separate neuronal substrate
for distance in PMd, but do not preclude its existence elsewhere. The
results also support a progressive change in the nature of the
movement-related representation in PMd with time in an instructed-delay paradigm.
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