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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 84 No. 1 July 2000, pp. 428-434
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Neurology and the Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
Dammerman, R. S.,
A. C. Flint,
S. Noctor, and
A. R. Kriegstein.
An Excitatory GABAergic Plexus in Developing Neocortical Layer 1. J. Neurophysiol. 84: 428-434, 2000. Layer 1 of the developing rodent somatosensory cortex
contains a dense, transient GABAergic fiber plexus. Axons arising from the zona incerta (ZI) of the ventral thalamus contribute to this plexus, as do axons of intrinsic GABAergic cells of layer 1. The function of this early-appearing fiber plexus is not known, but these fibers are positioned to contact the apical dendrites of most
postmigratory neurons. Here we show that electrical stimulation of
layer 1 results in a GABAA-mediated postsynaptic current
(PSC) in pyramidal neurons. Gramicidin perforated patch recording
demonstrates that the GABAergic layer 1 synapse is excitatory and can
trigger action potentials in cortical neurons. In contrast to
electrical stimulation, activation of intrinsic layer 1 neurons with a
glutamate agonist fails to produce PSCs in pyramidal cells. In
addition, responses can be evoked by stimulation of layer 1 at
relatively large distances from the recording site. These findings are
consistent with a contribution of the widely projecting incertocortical
pathway, the only described GABAergic projection to neonatal cortex.
Recording of identified neonatal incertocortical neurons reveals a
population of active cells that exhibit high frequencies of spontaneous
action potentials and are capable of robustly activating neonatal
cortical neurons. Because the fiber plexus is confined to layer 1, this pathway provides a spatially restricted excitatory GABAergic
innervation of the distal apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons during
the peak period of cortical synaptogenesis.
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