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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 84 No. 3 September 2000, pp. 1545-1557
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Centre for Research in Neuroscience, Montreal General Hospital Research Institute; and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada
Buss, Robert R. and
Pierre Drapeau.
Physiological Properties of Zebrafish Embryonic Red and White
Muscle Fibers During Early Development. J. Neurophysiol. 84: 1545-1557, 2000. The zebrafish is a model
organism for studies of vertebrate muscle differentiation and
development. However, an understanding of fish muscle physiology during
this period is limited. We examined the membrane, contractile,
electrical coupling, and synaptic properties of embryonic red (ER) and
white (EW) muscle fibers in developing zebrafish from 1 to 5 days
postfertilization. Resting membrane potentials were 
73 mV in 1 day ER
and 78 mV in 1 day EW muscle and depolarized 17 and 7 mV,
respectively, by 5 days. Neither fiber type exhibited action
potentials. Current-voltage relationships were linear in EW fibers and
day 1 ER fibers but were outwardly rectifying in some ER fibers at 3 to
5 days. Both ER and EW fibers were contractile at all ages examined (1 to 5 days) and could follow trains of electrical stimulation of up to
30 Hz without fatiguing for up to 5 min. Synaptic activity consisting
of miniature endplate potentials (mEPPs) was observed at the earliest
ages examined (1.2-1.4 days) in both ER and EW fibers. Synaptic
activity increased in frequency, and mEPP amplitudes were larger by 5 days. Miniature EPP rise times and half-widths decreased in ER fibers by 5 days, while EW fiber mEPPs showed fast kinetics as early as
1.2-1.4 days. ER and EW muscle fibers showed extensive dye coupling
but not heterologous (red-white) coupling. Dye coupling decreased by 3 days yet remained at 5 days. Somites were electrically coupling, and
this allowed filtered synaptic potentials to spread from myotome to
myotome. It is concluded that at early developmental stages the
physiological properties of ER and EW muscle are similar but not
identical and are optimized to the patterns of swimming observed at
these stages.
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