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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 84 No. 4 October 2000, pp. 1737-1747
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Human Physiology Section of the Scientific Institute Santa Lucia and the University of Rome "Tor Vergata," 00179 Rome, Italy
Ivanenko, Y. P.,
R. Grasso, and
F. Lacquaniti.
Influence of Leg Muscle Vibration on Human Walking. J. Neurophysiol. 84: 1737-1747, 2000. We studied
the effect of vibratory stimulation of different leg muscles
[bilateral quadriceps (Q), hamstring (HS) muscles, triceps surae (TS),
and tibialis anterior (TA)] in seven normal subjects during
1) quiet standing, 2) stepping in place
movements, and 3) walking on the treadmill. The experiments
were performed in a dimly illuminated room, and the subjects were given
the instruction not to resist the applied perturbation. In one
condition the velocity of the treadmill was controlled by a feedback
from the subject's current position. In normal standing, TA vibration
elicited a prominent forward body tilt, whereas HS and TS vibration
elicited backward trunk or whole body inclination, respectively. Q
vibration had little effect. During stepping in place, continuous HS
vibration produced an involuntary forward stepping at about 0.3 m
s
1 without modifying the
stepping frequency. When the subjects (with eyes closed) kept a hand
contact with an external still object, they did not move forward but
perceived an illusory forward leg flexion relative to the trunk. Q, TS,
and TA vibration did not cause any systematic body translation nor
illusory changes in body configuration. In treadmill locomotion, HS
vibration produced an involuntary steplike increase of walking speed
(by 0.1-0.6 m·s
1).
Continuous vibration elicited larger speed increments than phasic
stimulation during swing or stance phase. For phasic stimulation, HS
vibration tended to be more effective when applied during swing than
during stance phase. Q, TA, and TS vibration had little if any effect.
Vibration of thigh muscles altered the walking speed depending on the
direction of progression. During backward locomotion, the walking speed
tended to decrease after HS vibration, whereas it significantly
increased after Q vibration. Thus the influence of leg muscle vibration
on stepping in place and locomotion differed significantly from that on
normal posture. We suggest that the proprioceptive input from thigh
muscles may convey information about the velocity of the foot movement
relative to the trunk.
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