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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 84 No. 4 October 2000, pp. 1888-1893
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
Huber, Reto,
Tom Deboer, and
Irene Tobler.
Topography of EEG Dynamics After Sleep Deprivation in Mice. J. Neurophysiol. 84: 1888-1893, 2000. Several recent results show that sleep and sleep regulation are not
only global phenomena encompassing the entire brain, but have local
features. It is well established that slow-wave activity [SWA; mean
electroencephalographic (EEG) power density in the 0.75-4.0 Hz band]
in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is a function of the prior
history of sleep and wakefulness. SWA is thought to reflect the
homeostatic component of the two-process model of sleep regulation.
According to this model, originally formulated for the rat and later
extended to human sleep, the timing and structure of sleep are
determined by the interaction of a homeostatic Process S and a
circadian process. Our aim was to investigate the dynamics of SWA in
the EEG of two brain regions (frontal and occipital cortex) after sleep
deprivation (SD) in two of the mice strains most often used in gene
targeting. C57BL/6J (n = 9) and 129/Ola
(n = 8) were recorded during a 24-h baseline day, 6-h
SD, and 18-h recovery. Both derivations showed a significant increase
in SWA in NREM sleep after SD in both strains. In the first hour of
recovery, SWA was enhanced more in the frontal derivation than in the
occipital derivation and showed a faster decline. This difference
resulted in a lower value for the time constant for the decrease of SWA
in the frontal derivation (frontal: 10.9 ± 2.1 and 6.8 ± 0.9 h in Ola and C57, respectively; occipital: 16.6 ± 2.1 and 14.1 ± 1.5 h; P < 0.02; for each of the
strains; paired t-test). Neither time constant differed
significantly between the strains. The subdivision of SWA into a slower
and faster band (0.75-2.5 Hz and 2.75-4.0 Hz) further highlighted
regional differences in the effect of SD. The lower frequency band had
a higher initial value in the frontal derivation than in the occipital
derivation in both strains. Moreover, in the higher frequency band a
prominent reversal took place so that power in the frontal derivation
fell below the occipital values in both strains. Thus our results
indicate that there may be differences in the brain in the effects of
SD on SWA in mice, suggesting regional differences in the dynamics of
the homeostatic component of sleep regulation. The data support the
hypothesis that sleep has local, use- or waking-dependent features that
are reflected in the EEG, as has been shown for humans and the
laboratory rat.
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