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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 85 No. 2 February 2001, pp. 506-522
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157
Jiang, Wan,
Mark T. Wallace,
Huai Jiang,
J. William Vaughan, and
Barry E. Stein.
Two Cortical Areas Mediate Multisensory Integration in Superior
Colliculus Neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 85: 506-522, 2001. The majority of multisensory neurons in
the cat superior colliculus (SC) are able to synthesize cross-modal
cues (e.g., visual and auditory) and thereby produce responses greater
than those elicited by the most effective single modality stimulus and,
sometimes, greater than those predicted by the arithmetic sum of their
modality-specific responses. The present study examined the role of
corticotectal inputs from two cortical areas, the anterior ectosylvian
sulcus (AES) and the rostral aspect of the lateral suprasylvian sulcus (rLS), in producing these response enhancements. This was accomplished by evaluating the multisensory properties of individual SC neurons during reversible deactivation of these cortices individually and in
combination using cryogenic deactivation techniques. Cortical deactivation eliminated the characteristic multisensory response enhancement of nearly all SC neurons but generally had little or no
effect on a neuron's modality-specific responses. Thus, the responses
of SC neurons to combinations of cross-modal stimuli were now no
different from those evoked by one or the other of these stimuli
individually. Of the two cortical areas, AES had a much greater impact
on SC multisensory integrative processes, with nearly half the SC
neurons sampled dependent on it alone. In contrast, only a small number
of SC neurons depended solely on rLS. However, most SC neurons
exhibited dual dependencies, and their multisensory enhancement was
mediated by either synergistic or redundant influences from AES and
rLS. Corticotectal synergy was evident when deactivating either
cortical area compromised the multisensory enhancement of an SC neuron,
whereas corticotectal redundancy was evident when deactivation of both
cortical areas was required to produce this effect. The results suggest
that, although multisensory SC neurons can be created as a consequence of a variety of converging tectopetal afferents that are derived from a
host of subcortical and cortical structures, the ability to synthesize
cross-modal inputs, and thereby produce an enhanced multisensory
response, requires functional inputs from the AES, the rLS, or both.
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