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J Neurophysiol 85: 926-937, 2001;
0022-3077/01 $5.00
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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 85 No. 2 February 2001, pp. 926-937
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society

Propagation of Action Potentials in Dendrites Depends on Dendritic Morphology

Philipp Vetter,1,* Arnd Roth,2,* and Michael Häusser1

 1Department of Physiology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; and  2Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany

Vetter, Philipp, Arnd Roth, and Michael Häusser. Propagation of Action Potentials in Dendrites Depends on Dendritic Morphology. J. Neurophysiol. 85: 926-937, 2001. Action potential propagation links information processing in different regions of the dendritic tree. To examine the contribution of dendritic morphology to the efficacy of propagation, simulations were performed in detailed reconstructions of eight different neuronal types. With identical complements of voltage-gated channels, different dendritic morphologies exhibit distinct patterns of propagation. Remarkably, the range of backpropagation efficacies observed experimentally can be reproduced by the variations in dendritic morphology alone. Dendritic geometry also determines the extent to which modulation of channel densities can affect propagation. Thus in Purkinje cells and dopamine neurons, backpropagation is relatively insensitive to changes in channel densities, whereas in pyramidal cells, backpropagation can be modulated over a wide range. We also demonstrate that forward propagation of dendritically initiated action potentials is influenced by morphology in a similar manner. We show that these functional consequences of the differences in dendritic geometries can be explained quantitatively using simple anatomical measures of dendritic branching patterns, which are captured in a reduced model of dendritic geometry. These findings indicate that differences in dendritic geometry act in concert with differences in voltage-gated channel density and kinetics to generate the diversity in dendritic action potential propagation observed between neurons. They also suggest that changes in dendritic geometry during development and plasticity will critically affect propagation. By determining the spatial pattern of action potential signaling, dendritic morphology thus helps to define the size and interdependence of functional compartments in the neuron.


* P. Vetter and A. Roth contributed equally to this work.




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