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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 85 No. 2 February 2001, pp. 926-937
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
1Department of Physiology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom; and 2Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Medizinische Forschung, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Vetter, Philipp,
Arnd Roth, and
Michael Häusser.
Propagation of Action Potentials in Dendrites Depends on
Dendritic Morphology. J. Neurophysiol. 85: 926-937, 2001. Action potential propagation links information
processing in different regions of the dendritic tree. To examine the
contribution of dendritic morphology to the efficacy of propagation,
simulations were performed in detailed reconstructions of eight
different neuronal types. With identical complements of voltage-gated
channels, different dendritic morphologies exhibit distinct patterns of propagation. Remarkably, the range of backpropagation efficacies observed experimentally can be reproduced by the variations in dendritic morphology alone. Dendritic geometry also determines the
extent to which modulation of channel densities can affect propagation.
Thus in Purkinje cells and dopamine neurons, backpropagation is
relatively insensitive to changes in channel densities, whereas in
pyramidal cells, backpropagation can be modulated over a wide range. We
also demonstrate that forward propagation of dendritically initiated
action potentials is influenced by morphology in a similar manner. We
show that these functional consequences of the differences in dendritic
geometries can be explained quantitatively using simple anatomical
measures of dendritic branching patterns, which are captured in a
reduced model of dendritic geometry. These findings indicate that
differences in dendritic geometry act in concert with differences in
voltage-gated channel density and kinetics to generate the diversity in
dendritic action potential propagation observed between neurons. They
also suggest that changes in dendritic geometry during development and
plasticity will critically affect propagation. By determining the
spatial pattern of action potential signaling, dendritic morphology
thus helps to define the size and interdependence of functional
compartments in the neuron.
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