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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 85 No. 3 March 2001, pp. 1078-1087
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
Ma, Xiaofeng and
Nobuo Suga.
Plasticity of Bat's Central Auditory System Evoked by Focal
Electric Stimulation of Auditory and/or Somatosensory Cortices. J. Neurophysiol. 85: 1078-1087, 2001. Recent
findings indicate that the corticofugal system would play an important
role in cortical plasticity as well as collicular plasticity. To
understand the role of the corticofugal system in plasticity,
therefore, we studied the amount and the time course of plasticity in
the inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC) evoked by focal
electrical stimulation of the AC and also the effect of electrical
stimulation of the somatosensory cortex on the plasticity evoked by the
stimulation of the AC. In adult big brown bats (Eptesicus
fuscus), we made the following major findings. 1)
Electric stimulation of the AC evokes best frequency (BF) shifts, i.e.,
shifts in frequency-response curves of collicular and cortical neurons.
These BF shifts start to occur within 2 min, reach a maximum (or
plateau) at 30 min, and then recover ~180 min after a 30-min-long
stimulus session. When the stimulus session is lengthened from 30 to 90 min, the plateau lasts ~60 min, but BF shifts recover ~180 min
after the session. 2) The electric stimulation of the
somatosensory cortex delivered immediately after that of the AC, as in
fear conditioning, evokes a dramatic lengthening of the recovery period
of the cortical BF shifts but not that of the collicular BF shift. The
electric stimulation of the somatosensory cortex delivered before that
of the AC, as in backward conditioning, has no effect on the collicular
and cortical BF shifts. 3) Electric stimulation of the AC
evokes BF shifts not only in the ipsilateral IC and AC but also in the
contralateral IC and AC. BF shifts are smaller in amount and shorter in
recovery time for contralateral collicular and cortical neurons than
for ipsilateral ones. Our findings support the hypothesis that the AC
and the corticofugal system have an intrinsic mechanism for reorganization of the IC and AC, that the reorganization is highly specific to a value of an acoustic parameter (frequency), and that the
reorganization is augmented by excitation of nonauditory sensory cortex
that makes the acoustic stimulus behaviorally relevant to the animal
through associative learning.
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