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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 86 No. 1 July 2001, pp. 447-462
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
Laboratory of Neural Control, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4455
Burke, R. E.,
A. M. Degtyarenko, and
E. S. Simon.
Patterns of Locomotor Drive to Motoneurons and Last-Order
Interneurons: Clues to the Structure of the CPG. J. Neurophysiol. 86: 447-462, 2001. We have examined the linkage
between patterns of activity in several hindlimb motor pools and the
modulation of oligosynaptic cutaneous reflex pathways during fictive
locomotion in decerebrate unanesthetized cats to assess the notion that
such linkages can shed light on the structure of the central pattern
generator (CPG) for locomotion. We have concentrated attention on the
cutaneous reflex pathways that project to the flexor digitorum longus
(FDL) motor pool because of that muscle's unique variable behavior
during normal and fictive locomotion in the cat. Differential locomotor control of last-order excitatory interneurons in pathways from low-threshold cutaneous afferents in the superficial peroneal and
medial plantar afferents to FDL motoneurons is fully documented for the
first time. The qualitative patterns of differential control are shown
to remain the same whether the FDL muscle is active in early flexion,
as usually found, or during the extension phase of fictive locomotion,
which is less common during fictive stepping. The patterns of motor
pool activity and of reflex pathway modulation indicate that the
flexion phase of fictive locomotion has distinct early versus late
components. Observations during "normal" and unusual patterns of
fictive stepping suggest that some aspects of locomotor pattern
formation can be separated from rhythm generation, implying that these
two CPG functions may be embodied, at least in part, in distinct neural
organizations. The results are discussed in relation to a provisional
circuit diagram that could explain the experimental findings.
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