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J Neurophysiol 86: 1365-1375, 2001;
0022-3077/01 $5.00
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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 86 No. 3 September 2001, pp. 1365-1375
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society

GABAB and NMDA Receptors Contribute to Spindle-Like Oscillations in Rat Thalamus In Vitro

Richard B. Jacobsen, Daniel Ulrich, and John R. Huguenard

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305

Jacobsen, Richard B., Daniel Ulrich, and John R. Huguenard. GABAB and NMDA Receptors Contribute to Spindle-Like Oscillations in Rat Thalamus In Vitro. J. Neurophysiol. 86: 1365-1375, 2001. Thalamic slice preparations, in which intrathalamic connectivity between the reticular nucleus and relay nuclei is maintained, are capable of sustaining rhythmic burst firing activity in rodents and ferret. These in vitro oscillations occur spontaneously in the ferret and have frequencies (6-10 Hz) within the range of sleep spindles observed in vivo. In the rat, mainly lower frequency (2-4 Hz) oscillations, evoked under conditions of low bath [Mg2+] and/or GABAA receptor blockade, have been described. Here we show that faster rhythms in the range of 4-9 Hz can be evoked in rat thalamic slices by electrical stimulation of the internal capsule and also occur spontaneously. When bath [Mg2+] was 2 mM, these spindle-like oscillations were most common in a brief developmental time window, peaking at postnatal day 12 (P12). The oscillations were almost completely blocked by the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin, and, in some cases, the frequency of oscillations was increased by the GABAB receptor antagonist CGP-35348. The selective blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or alpha -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors by the antagonists 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid or 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-benzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX), respectively, significantly shortened oscillations but did not completely block them. A combination of the two drugs was necessary to abolish oscillatory activity. The barbituate pentobarbital, which enhances GABAAR responses, initially slowed and synchronized oscillations before completely blocking them. When bath [Mg2+] was reduced from 2 to 0.65 mM, evoked oscillations became more robust and were often accompanied by spontaneously arising oscillations. Under these conditions, GABAA receptor blockade no longer inhibited oscillations, but instead converted them into the slow, synchronous rhythms that have been observed in other studies. The effects of GABAB or NMDA receptor blockade were more pronounced in 0.65 mM than in 2 mM external [Mg2+]. Thus spindle-like oscillations occur in rat thalamic slices in vitro, and we find that, in addition to the previously demonstrated contributions of GABAA and AMPA receptors to these oscillations, NMDA and GABAB receptors are also involved. The strong influence of external [Mg2+] on GABAergic pharmacology and a contribution of NMDA receptors during oscillations suggest a link between the excitability of NMDA receptors and the activation of GABABR-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents.




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