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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 86 No. 3 September 2001, pp. 1459-1480
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
Atkinson Pain Research Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85013
Craig, A. D.,
K. Krout, and
D. Andrew.
Quantitative Response Characteristics of Thermoreceptive and
Nociceptive Lamina I Spinothalamic Neurons in the Cat. J. Neurophysiol. 86: 1459-1480, 2001. The
physiological characteristics of antidromically identified lamina I
spinothalamic (STT) neurons in the lumbosacral spinal cord were
examined using quantitative thermal and mechanical stimuli in
barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Cells belonging to the three main
recognized classes were included based on categorization with natural
cutaneous stimulation of the hindpaw: nociceptive-specific (NS),
polymodal nociceptive (HPC), or thermoreceptive-specific (COOL) cells.
The mean central conduction latencies of these classes differed
significantly; NS = 130.8 ± 55.5 (SD) ms (n = 100), HPC = 72.1 ± 28.0 ms (n = 128), and
COOL = 58.6 ± 25.3 ms (n = 136), which
correspond to conduction velocities of 2.5, 4.6, and 5.6 m/s. Based on
recordings made prior to any noxious stimulation, the mean spontaneous
discharge rates of these classes also differed: NS = 0.5 ± 0.7 imp/s (n = 47), HPC = 0.9 ± 0.7 imp/s
(n = 59), and COOL = 3.3 ± 2.6 imp/s
(n = 107). Standard, quantitative, thermal stimulus
sequences applied with a Peltier thermode were used to characterize the
stimulus-response functions of 76 COOL cells, 47 HPC cells, and 37 NS
cells. The COOL cells showed a very linear output from 34°C down to
~15°C and a maintained plateau thereafter. The HPC cells showed a
fairly linear but accelerating response to cold below a median
threshold of ~24°C and down to 9°C (measured at the skin-thermode
interface with a thermode temperature of 2°C). The HPC cells and the
NS cells both showed rapidly increasing, sigmoidal response functions
to noxious heat with a fairly linear response between 45 and 53°C,
but they had significantly different thresholds; half of the HPC cells
were activated at ~45.5°C and half of the NS cells at ~43°C.
The 20 HPC lamina I STT cells and 10 NS cells tested with quantitative
pinch stimuli showed fairly linear responses above a threshold of
~130 g/mm2 for HPC cells and a threshold of
~100 g/mm2 for NS cells. All of these response
functions compare well (across species) with the available data on the
characteristics of thermoreceptive and nociceptive primary afferent
fibers and the appropriate psychophysics in humans. Together these
results support the concept that these classes of lamina I STT cells
provide discrete sensory channels for the sensations of temperature and pain.
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