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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 86 No. 4 October 2001, pp. 1750-1763
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
1Neuroscience Research Institute, Electrotechnical Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; 2Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8568; 3NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, Kanagawa 243-0198; and 4Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
Takemura, Aya,
Yuka Inoue,
Hiroaki Gomi,
Mitsuo Kawato, and
Kenji Kawano.
Change in Neuronal Firing Patterns in the Process of Motor
Command Generation for the Ocular Following Response. J. Neurophysiol. 86: 1750-1763, 2001. To explore the
process of motor command generation for the ocular following response,
we recorded the activity of single neurons in the medial superior
temporal (MST) area of the cortex, the dorsolateral pontine nucleus
(DLPN), and the ventral paraflocculus (VPFL) of the cerebellum of alert
monkeys during ocular following elicited by sudden movements of a
large-field pattern. Using second-order linear-regression models, we
analyzed the quantitative relationships between neuronal firing
frequency patterns and eye movements or retinal errors specified by
three parameters (position, velocity, and acceleration). We first
attempted to reconstruct the temporal waveform of each neuronal
response to each visual stimulus and computed the coefficients for each
parameter using the least-square error method for each stimulus
condition. The temporal firing patterns were generally well
reconstructed [coefficient of determination index (CD) > 0.7]
from either the retinal error or the associated ocular following
response. In the MST and DLPN datasets, however, the fit with the
retinal error model was generally better than with the eye-movement
model, and the estimated coefficients of acceleration and velocity
ranged widely, indicating that temporal patterns in these regions
showed considerable diversity. The acceleration component is greater in
MST and DLPN than in VPFL, suggesting that an integration occurs in
this pathway. When we determined how well the temporal patterns of the
neuronal responses of a given cell could be reconstructed for all
visual stimuli using a single set of coefficients, good fits were found
only for Purkinje cells (P- cells) in the VPFL using the eye-movement
model. In these cases, the coefficients of acceleration and velocity
for each cell were similar, and the mean ratio of the acceleration and
velocity coefficients was close to that of motor neurons. These results
indicate that individual MST and DLPN neurons are each encoding some
selective aspects of the sensory stimulus (visual motion), whereas the
P-cells in VPFL are encoding the complete dynamic command signals for
the associated motor response (ocular following). We conclude that the
sensory-to-motor transformation for the ocular following response
occurs at the P-cells in VPFL.
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