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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 86 No. 6 December 2001, pp. 2887-2895
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Département de Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada
Martina, Marzia,
Sébastien Royer, and
Denis Paré.
Cell-Type-Specific GABA Responses and Chloride Homeostasis in the
Cortex and Amygdala. J. Neurophysiol. 86: 2887-2895, 2001. The GABA responses of fast-spiking (FS)
interneurons and regular-spiking (RS) principal cells were studied
using whole cell and perforated-patch recordings in slices of the
basolateral amygdala, neo-, and perirhinal cortex. In these three
areas, responses to exogenous and synaptically released GABA were
abolished by GABAA receptor antagonists in FS
cells but also included a GABAB component in RS
cells. Moreover, EGABAA of FS and RS
cells differed from the calculated ECl
(
61 mV), but in opposite direction (FS, 54 mV; RS, 72 mV). This
was not due to a differential dialysis of FS and RS cells by the
pipette solution because the discrepancy persisted when recordings were
obtained with the perforated-patch-clamp technique, using the
cation-selective ionophore gramicidin. Moreover, pharmacological
inhibition of cation-chloride cotransporters revealed that the
differing EGABAA of FS and RS neurons
arises from cell-type-specific chloride homeostatic mechanisms. Indeed,
the prevalent regulators of the intracellular chloride concentration
are cotransporters that accumulate chloride in FS cells and extrude
chloride in RS neurons. Thus, our results suggest that in the
basolateral amygdala as well as in the parietal and perirhinal
cortices, FS interneurons are more excitable than principal cells not
only by virtue of their dissimilar electroresponsive properties but
also because they express a different complement of GABA receptors and
chloride homeostatic mechanisms.
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