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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 86 No. 6 December 2001, pp. 3011-3029
Copyright ©2001 by the American Physiological Society
1Section of Neurobiology and 2Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8051
Chen, Li Min,
Robert M. Friedman,
Benjamin M. Ramsden,
Robert H. LaMotte, and
Anna
Wang Roe.
Fine-Scale Organization of SI (Area 3b) in the Squirrel
Monkey Revealed With Intrinsic Optical Imaging. J. Neurophysiol. 86: 3011-3029, 2001. Optical imaging of
intrinsic cortical activity was used to study the somatotopic map and
the representation of pressure, flutter, and vibration in area 3b of
the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) cortex under
pentothal or isoflurane anesthesia. The representation of the
fingerpads in primary somatosensory cortex was investigated by
stimulating the glabrous skin of distal fingerpads (D1-D5) with Teflon
probes (3-mm diam) attached through an armature to force
feedback-controlled torque motors. Under pentothal anesthesia, intrinsic signal maps in area 3b obtained in response to stimulation (trapezoidal indentation) of individual fingerpads showed focal activations. These activations (ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mm) were discrete and exhibited minimal overlap between adjacent fingerpad representations. Consistent with previously published maps, a somatotopic representation of the fingerpads was observed with an
orderly medial to lateral progression from the D5 to D1 fingerpads. Under isoflurane anesthesia, general topography was still maintained, but the representation of fingerpads on adjacent fingers had higher degrees of overlap than with pentothal anesthesia. Multi- and single-unit recordings in the activation zones confirmed the
somatotopic maps. To examine preferential inputs from slowly adapting
type I (SA) and rapidly adapting type I (RA) and type II (PC)
mechanoreceptors, we applied stimuli consisting of sinusoidal
indentations that produce sensations of pressure (1 Hz), flutter (30 Hz), and vibration (200 Hz). Under pentothal anesthesia, activation
patterns to these different stimuli were focal and coincided on the
cortex. Under isoflurane, activation zones from pressure, flutter, and
vibratory stimuli differed in size and shape and often contained
multiple foci, although overall topography was maintained. Subtraction and vector maps revealed cortical areas (approximate 250-µm diam) that were preferentially activated by the sensations of pressure, flutter, and vibration. Multi- and single-unit recordings aided in the
interpretation of the imaging maps. In conclusion, the cortical signals
observed with intrinsic signal optical imaging delineated a somatotopic
organization of area 3b and revealed different topographical cortical
activation patterns for pressure, flutter, and vibratory stimuli. These
patterns were dependent on anesthesia type. Possible relationships of
these anesthesia effects to somatosensory cortical plasticity are discussed.
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