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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 87 No. 1 January 2002, pp. 305-321
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
Eggermont, Jos J.
Temporal Modulation Transfer Functions in Cat Primary Auditory
Cortex: Separating Stimulus Effects From Neural Mechanisms. J. Neurophysiol. 87: 305-321, 2002. We present
here a comparison between the local field potentials (LFP) and
multiunit (MU) responses, comprising 401 single units, in primary
auditory cortex (AI) of 31 cats to periodic click trains, gamma-tone
and time-reversed gamma-tone trains, AM noise, AM tones, and
frequency-modulated (FM) tones. In a large number of cases, the
response to all six stimuli was obtained for the same neurons. We
investigate whether cortical neurons are likely to respond to all types
of repetitive transients and modulated stimuli and whether a dependence
on modulating waveform, or tone or noise carrier, exists. In 97% of
the recordings, a temporal modulation transfer function (tMTF) for MU
activity was obtained for gamma-tone trains, in 92% for periodic click
trains, in 83% for time-reversed gamma-tone trains, in 82% for AM
noise, in 71% for FM tones, and only in 53% for AM tones. In 31% of
the cases, the units responded to all six stimuli in an
envelope-following way. These particular units had significantly larger
onset responses to each stimulus compared with all other units. The
overall response distribution shows the preference of AI units for
stimuli with short rise times such as clicks and gamma tones. It also
shows a clear asymmetry in the ability to respond to AM noise and AM tones and points to a strong effect of the frequency content of the
carrier on the subcortical processing of AM stimuli. Yet all temporal
response properties were independent of characteristic frequency and
frequency-tuning curve bandwidth. We show that the observed differences
in the tMTFs for different stimuli are to a large extent produced by
the different degree of phase locking of the neuronal firings to the
envelope of the first stimulus in the train or first modulation period.
A normalization procedure, based on these synchronization differences,
unified the tMTFs for all stimuli except clicks and allowed the
identification of a largely stimulus-invariant, low-pass temporal
filter function that most likely reflects the properties of synaptic
depression and facilitation. For nonclick stimuli, the low-pass filter
has a cutoff frequency of ~10 Hz and a slope of ~6 dB/octave. For nonclick stimuli, there was a systematic difference between the vector
strength for LFPs and MU activity that can likely be attributed to
postactivation suppression mechanisms.
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