JN AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

J Neurophysiol 87: 2624-2628, 2002;
0022-3077/02 $5.00
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (165)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Nusser, Z.
Right arrow Articles by Mody, I.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Nusser, Z.
Right arrow Articles by Mody, I.

The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 87 No. 5 May 2002, pp. 2624-2628
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society

RAPID COMMUNICATION

Selective Modulation of Tonic and Phasic Inhibitions in Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells

Zoltan Nusser1,2 and Istvan Mody1

 1Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095-1769; and  2Laboratory of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

Nusser, Zoltan and Istvan Mody. Selective Modulation of Tonic and Phasic Inhibitions in Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells. J. Neurophysiol. 87: 2624-2628, 2002. In some nerve cells, activation of GABAA receptors by GABA results in phasic and tonic conductances. Transient activation of synaptic receptors generates phasic inhibition, whereas tonic inhibition originates from GABA acting on extrasynaptic receptors, like in cerebellar granule cells, where it is thought to result from the activation of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors with a specific subunit composition (alpha 6beta xdelta ). Here we show that in adult rat hippocampal slices, extracellular GABA levels are sufficiently high to generate a powerful tonic inhibition in delta  subunit-expressing dentate gyrus granule cells. In these cells, the mean tonic current is approximately four times larger than that produced by spontaneous synaptic currents occurring at a frequency of ~10 Hz. Antagonizing the GABA transporter GAT-1 with NO-711 (2.5 µM) selectively enhanced tonic inhibition by 330% without affecting the phasic component. In contrast, by prolonging the decay of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs), the benzodiazepine agonist zolpidem (0.5 µM) augmented phasic inhibition by 66%, while leaving the mean tonic conductance unchanged. These results demonstrate that a tonic GABAA receptor-mediated conductance can be recorded from dentate gyrus granule cells of adult rats in in vitro slice preparations. Furthermore, we have identified distinct pharmacological tools to selectively modify tonic and phasic inhibitions, allowing future studies to investigate their specific roles in neuronal function.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
I. Vardya, K. R. Drasbek, Z. Dosa, and K. Jensen
Cell Type-Specific GABAA Receptor-Mediated Tonic Inhibition in Mouse Neocortex
J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2008; 100(1): 526 - 532.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
B. J. Bhattacharyya, G. Banisadr, H. Jung, D. Ren, D. G. Cronshaw, Y. Zou, and R. J. Miller
The Chemokine Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Regulates GABAergic Inputs to Neural Progenitors in the Postnatal Dentate Gyrus
J. Neurosci., June 25, 2008; 28(26): 6720 - 6730.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
I. L. Hanganu, A. Okabe, V. Lessmann, and H. J. Luhmann
Cellular Mechanisms of Subplate-Driven and Cholinergic Input-Dependent Network Activity in the Neonatal Rat Somatosensory Cortex
Cereb Cortex, April 24, 2008; (2008) bhn061v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
F. Jia, M. Yue, D. Chandra, G. E. Homanics, P. A. Goldstein, and N. L. Harrison
Isoflurane Is a Potent Modulator of Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors in the Thalamus
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 2008; 324(3): 1127 - 1135.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Pharmacol.Home page
N. P. Barrera, J. Betts, H. You, R. M. Henderson, I. L. Martin, S. M. J. Dunn, and J. M. Edwardson
Atomic Force Microscopy Reveals the Stoichiometry and Subunit Arrangement of the {alpha}4{beta}3{delta} GABAA Receptor
Mol. Pharmacol., March 1, 2008; 73(3): 960 - 967.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
V. C. Cuzon, P. W. L. Yeh, Y. Yanagawa, K. Obata, and H. H. Yeh
Ethanol Consumption during Early Pregnancy Alters the Disposition of Tangentially Migrating GABAergic Interneurons in the Fetal Cortex
J. Neurosci., February 20, 2008; 28(8): 1854 - 1864.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
D. R. Peden, C. M. Petitjean, M. B. Herd, M. S. Durakoglugil, T. W. Rosahl, K. Wafford, G. E. Homanics, D. Belelli, J.-M. Fritschy, and J. J. Lambert
Developmental maturation of synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAA receptors in mouse thalamic ventrobasal neurones
J. Physiol., February 15, 2008; 586(4): 965 - 987.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
M. B. Herd, A. R. Haythornthwaite, T. W. Rosahl, K. A. Wafford, G. E. Homanics, J. J. Lambert, and D. Belelli
The expression of GABAA {beta} subunit isoforms in synaptic and extrasynaptic receptor populations of mouse dentate gyrus granule cells
J. Physiol., February 15, 2008; 586(4): 989 - 1004.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
J. Glykys, E. O. Mann, and I. Mody
Which GABAA Receptor Subunits Are Necessary for Tonic Inhibition in the Hippocampus?
J. Neurosci., February 6, 2008; 28(6): 1421 - 1426.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
F. Jia, M. Yue, D. Chandra, A. Keramidas, P. A. Goldstein, G. E. Homanics, and N. L. Harrison
Taurine Is a Potent Activator of Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors in the Thalamus
J. Neurosci., January 2, 2008; 28(1): 106 - 115.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
E. Eugene, C. Depienne, S. Baulac, M. Baulac, J. M. Fritschy, E. Le Guern, R. Miles, and J. C. Poncer
GABAA Receptor {gamma}2 Subunit Mutations Linked to Human Epileptic Syndromes Differentially Affect Phasic and Tonic Inhibition
J. Neurosci., December 19, 2007; 27(51): 14108 - 14116.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
C. Sun, Z. Mtchedlishvili, A. Erisir, and J. Kapur
Diminished Neurosteroid Sensitivity of Synaptic Inhibition and Altered Location of the {alpha}4 Subunit of GABAA Receptors in an Animal Model of Epilepsy
J. Neurosci., November 14, 2007; 27(46): 12641 - 12650.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
Y. Ben-Ari, J.-L. Gaiarsa, R. Tyzio, and R. Khazipov
GABA: A Pioneer Transmitter That Excites Immature Neurons and Generates Primitive Oscillations
Physiol Rev, October 1, 2007; 87(4): 1215 - 1284.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
E. A. Mitchell, L. J. Gentet, J. Dempster, and D. Belelli
GABAA and glycine receptor-mediated transmission in rat lamina II neurones: relevance to the analgesic actions of neuroactive steroids
J. Physiol., September 15, 2007; 583(3): 1021 - 1040.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
A. Baude, C. Bleasdale, Y. Dalezios, P. Somogyi, and T. Klausberger
Immunoreactivity for the GABAA Receptor {alpha}1 Subunit, Somatostatin and Connexin36 Distinguishes Axoaxonic, Basket, and Bistratified Interneurons of the Rat Hippocampus
Cereb Cortex, September 1, 2007; 17(9): 2094 - 2107.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
J. Yamada, T. Furukawa, S. Ueno, S. Yamamoto, and A. Fukuda
Molecular Basis for the GABAA Receptor-Mediated Tonic Inhibition in Rat Somatosensory Cortex
Cereb Cortex, August 1, 2007; 17(8): 1782 - 1787.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
J. Glykys and I. Mody
The main source of ambient GABA responsible for tonic inhibition in the mouse hippocampus
J. Physiol., August 1, 2007; 582(3): 1163 - 1178.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
J. B. Park, S. Skalska, S. Son, and J. E. Stern
Dual GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition in rat presympathetic paraventricular nucleus neurons
J. Physiol., July 15, 2007; 582(2): 539 - 551.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
N. Zhang, W. Wei, I. Mody, and C. R. Houser
Altered Localization of GABAA Receptor Subunits on Dentate Granule Cell Dendrites Influences Tonic and Phasic Inhibition in a Mouse Model of Epilepsy
J. Neurosci., July 11, 2007; 27(28): 7520 - 7531.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
I. Marchionni, A. Omrani, and E. Cherubini
In the developing rat hippocampus a tonic GABAA-mediated conductance selectively enhances the glutamatergic drive of principal cells
J. Physiol., June 1, 2007; 581(2): 515 - 528.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Learn. Mem.Home page
Z. Pu, H. J. Krugers, and M. Joels
Corticosterone time-dependently modulates {beta}-adrenergic effects on long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus
Learn. Mem., May 3, 2007; 14(5): 359 - 367.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
R. L. Fleming, W. A. Wilson, and H. S. Swartzwelder
Magnitude and Ethanol Sensitivity of Tonic GABAA Receptor-Mediated Inhibition in Dentate Gyrus Changes From Adolescence to Adulthood
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2007; 97(5): 3806 - 3811.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
D. P. Bright, M. I. Aller, and S. G. Brickley
Synaptic Release Generates a Tonic GABAA Receptor-Mediated Conductance That Modulates Burst Precision in Thalamic Relay Neurons
J. Neurosci., March 7, 2007; 27(10): 2560 - 2569.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
K. R. Drasbek, K. Hoestgaard-Jensen, and K. Jensen
Modulation of Extrasynaptic THIP Conductances by GABAA-Receptor Modulators in Mouse Neocortex
J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 2293 - 2300.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
J. Maguire and I. Mody
Neurosteroid Synthesis-Mediated Regulation of GABAA Receptors: Relevance to the Ovarian Cycle and Stress
J. Neurosci., February 28, 2007; 27(9): 2155 - 2162.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
A. H. Lagrange, E. J. Botzolakis, and R. L. Macdonald
Enhanced macroscopic desensitization shapes the response of {alpha}4 subtype-containing GABAA receptors to synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA
J. Physiol., February 1, 2007; 578(3): 655 - 676.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
H. Alle and J. R. P. Geiger
GABAergic Spill-Over Transmission onto Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Boutons
J. Neurosci., January 24, 2007; 27(4): 942 - 950.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
E. Gascon, A. G. Dayer, M.-O. Sauvain, G. Potter, B. Jenny, M. De Roo, E. Zgraggen, N. Demaurex, D. Muller, and J. Z. Kiss
GABA Regulates Dendritic Growth by Stabilizing Lamellipodia in Newly Generated Interneurons of the Olfactory Bulb
J. Neurosci., December 13, 2006; 26(50): 12956 - 12966.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
E. Bouairi, H. Kamendi, X. Wang, C. Gorini, and D. Mendelowitz
Multiple Types of GABAA Receptors Mediate Inhibition in Brain Stem Parasympathetic Cardiac Neurons In the Nucleus Ambiguus
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2006; 96(6): 3266 - 3272.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
J.-s. Qi, J. Yao, C. Fang, B. Luscher, and G. Chen
Downregulation of tonic GABA currents following epileptogenic stimulation of rat hippocampal cultures
J. Physiol., December 1, 2006; 577(2): 579 - 590.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
Y. Wu, W. Wang, and G. B. Richerson
The Transmembrane Sodium Gradient Influences Ambient GABA Concentration by Altering the Equilibrium of GABA Transporters
J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2006; 96(5): 2425 - 2436.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. Chandra, F. Jia, J. Liang, Z. Peng, A. Suryanarayanan, D. F. Werner, I. Spigelman, C. R. Houser, R. W. Olsen, N. L. Harrison, et al.
GABAA receptor {alpha}4 subunits mediate extrasynaptic inhibition in thalamus and dentate gyrus and the action of gaboxadol
PNAS, October 10, 2006; 103(41): 15230 - 15235.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
J. H. Krystal, J. Staley, G. Mason, I. L. Petrakis, J. Kaufman, R. A. Harris, J. Gelernter, and J. Lappalainen
{gamma}-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors and Alcoholism: Intoxication, Dependence, Vulnerability, and Treatment.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, September 1, 2006; 63(9): 957 - 968.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
H. L. Payne, P. S. Donoghue, W. M. K. Connelly, S. Hinterreiter, P. Tiwari, J. H. Ives, V. Hann, W. Sieghart, G. Lees, and C. L. Thompson
Aberrant GABAA Receptor Expression in the Dentate Gyrus of the Epileptic Mutant Mouse Stargazer.
J. Neurosci., August 15, 2006; 26(33): 8600 - 8608.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
G. A. Prenosil, E. M. Schneider Gasser, U. Rudolph, R. Keist, J.-M. Fritschy, and K. E. Vogt
Specific Subtypes of GABAA Receptors Mediate Phasic and Tonic Forms of Inhibition in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2006; 96(2): 846 - 857.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
J. B. Park, S. Skalska, and J. E. Stern
Characterization of a Novel Tonic {gamma}-Aminobutyric AcidA Receptor-Mediated Inhibition in Magnocellular Neurosecretory Neurons and Its Modulation by Glia
Endocrinology, August 1, 2006; 147(8): 3746 - 3760.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cereb CortexHome page
K. R. Drasbek and K. Jensen
THIP, a Hypnotic and Antinociceptive Drug, Enhances an Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptor-mediated Conductance in Mouse Neocortex
Cereb Cortex, August 1, 2006; 16(8): 1134 - 1141.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
C. Hull, G.-L. Li, and H. von Gersdorff
GABA transporters regulate a standing GABAC receptor-mediated current at a retinal presynaptic terminal.
J. Neurosci., June 28, 2006; 26(26): 6979 - 6984.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Wallner, H. J. Hanchar, and R. W. Olsen
From the Cover: Low-dose alcohol actions on {alpha}4beta3{delta} GABAA receptors are reversed by the behavioral alcohol antagonist Ro15-4513
PNAS, May 30, 2006; 103(22): 8540 - 8545.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
J. Glykys and I. Mody
Hippocampal Network Hyperactivity After Selective Reduction of Tonic Inhibition in GABAA Receptor {alpha}5 Subunit-Deficient Mice
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2006; 95(5): 2796 - 2807.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
K. Kirmse and S. Kirischuk
Ambient GABA constrains the strength of GABAergic synapses at Cajal-Retzius cells in the developing visual cortex.
J. Neurosci., April 19, 2006; 26(16): 4216 - 4227.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
E. D. Eggers and P. D. Lukasiewicz
GABAA, GABAC and glycine receptor-mediated inhibition differentially affects light-evoked signalling from mouse retinal rod bipolar cells
J. Physiol., April 1, 2006; 572(1): 215 - 225.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
V. Santhakumar, H. J. Hanchar, M. Wallner, R. W. Olsen, and T. S. Otis
Contributions of the GABAA receptor alpha6 subunit to phasic and tonic inhibition revealed by a naturally occurring polymorphism in the alpha6 gene.
J. Neurosci., March 22, 2006; 26(12): 3357 - 3364.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
C. M. Borghese, S. i Storustovu, B. Ebert, M. B. Herd, D. Belelli, J. J. Lambert, G. Marshall, K. A. Wafford, and R. A. Harris
The {delta} Subunit of {gamma}-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors Does Not Confer Sensitivity to Low Concentrations of Ethanol
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 2006; 316(3): 1360 - 1368.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Pharmacol.Home page
Z. Mtchedlishvili and J. Kapur
High-Affinity, Slowly Desensitizing GABAA Receptors Mediate Tonic Inhibition in Hippocampal Dentate Granule Cells
Mol. Pharmacol., February 1, 2006; 69(2): 564 - 575.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
F. Jia, L. Pignataro, C. M. Schofield, M. Yue, N. L. Harrison, and P. A. Goldstein
An Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptor Mediates Tonic Inhibition in Thalamic VB Neurons
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2005; 94(6): 4491 - 4501.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
G. A. Kinney
GAT-3 Transporters Regulate Inhibition in the Neocortex
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2005; 94(6): 4533 - 4537.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Scimemi, A. Semyanov, G. Sperk, D. M. Kullmann, and M. C. Walker
Multiple and Plastic Receptors Mediate Tonic GABAA Receptor Currents in the Hippocampus
J. Neurosci., October 26, 2005; 25(43): 10016 - 10024.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
S. Keros and J. J. Hablitz
Subtype-Specific GABA Transporter Antagonists Synergistically Modulate Phasic and Tonic GABAA Conductances in Rat Neocortex
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2005; 94(3): 2073 - 2085.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
N. E. Hallworth and M. D. Bevan
Globus Pallidus Neurons Dynamically Regulate the Activity Pattern of Subthalamic Nucleus Neurons through the Frequency-Dependent Activation of Postsynaptic GABAA and GABAB Receptors
J. Neurosci., July 6, 2005; 25(27): 6304 - 6315.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
S. S Smith and Q. H. Gong
Neurosteroid administration and withdrawal alter GABAA receptor kinetics in CA1 hippocampus of female rats
J. Physiol., April 15, 2005; 564(2): 421 - 436.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
D. Gonzalez-Forero and F. J. Alvarez
Differential Postnatal Maturation of GABAA, Glycine Receptor, and Mixed Synaptic Currents in Renshaw Cells and Ventral Spinal Interneurons
J. Neurosci., February 23, 2005; 25(8): 2010 - 2023.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
I. Mody
Aspects of the homeostaic plasticity of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition
J. Physiol., January 1, 2005; 562(1): 37 - 46.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
E. M. Petrini, I. Marchionni, P. Zacchi, W. Sieghart, and E. Cherubini
Clustering of Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors Modulates Tonic Inhibition in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
J. Biol. Chem., October 29, 2004; 279(44): 45833 - 45843.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
W. Wei, L. C. Faria, and I. Mody
Low Ethanol Concentrations Selectively Augment the Tonic Inhibition Mediated by {delta} Subunit-Containing GABAA Receptors in Hippocampal Neurons
J. Neurosci., September 22, 2004; 24(38): 8379 - 8382.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Physiol.Home page
S. K. Towers, T. Gloveli, R. D. Traub, J. E. Driver, D. Engel, R. Fradley, T. W. Rosahl, K. Maubach, T. L. E. H. Buhl, and M. A. Whittington
{alpha}5 subunit-containing GABAA receptors affect the dynamic range of mouse hippocampal kainate-induced gamma frequency oscillations in vitro
J. Physiol., September 15, 2004; 559(3): 721 - 728.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurophysiol.Home page
M. C. Bieda and M. B. MacIver
Major Role For Tonic GABAA Conductances in Anesthetic Suppression of Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2004; 92(3): 1658 - 1667.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
J. Liang, E. Cagetti, R. W. Olsen, and I. Spigelman
Altered Pharmacology of Synaptic and Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors on CA1 Hippocampal Neurons Is Consistent with Subunit Changes in a Model of Alcohol Withdrawal and Dependence
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., September 1, 2004; 310(3): 1234 - 1245.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
H.-J. Shu, L. N. Eisenman, D. Jinadasa, D. F. Covey, C. F. Zorumski, and S. Mennerick
Slow Actions of Neuroactive Steroids at GABAA Receptors
J. Neurosci., July 28, 2004; 24(30): 6667 - 6675.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
C. van Rijnsoever, M. Tauber, M. K. Choulli, R. Keist, U. Rudolph, H. Mohler, J. M. Fritschy, and F. Crestani
Requirement of {alpha}5-GABAA Receptors for the Development of Tolerance to the Sedative Action of Diazepam in Mice
J. Neurosci., July 28, 2004; 24(30): 6785 - 6790.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]