| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 87 No. 6 June 2002, pp. 2936-2945
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Graduate Program, and W. M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
Churchland, Anne K. and
Stephen G. Lisberger.
Gain Control in Human Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements. J. Neurophysiol. 87: 2936-2945, 2002. In previous experiments, on-line modulation of the gain of
visual-motor transmission for pursuit eye movements was demonstrated in
monkeys by showing that the response to a brief perturbation of target
motion was strongly enhanced during pursuit relative to during
fixation. The present paper elaborates the properties of on-line gain
control by recording the smooth-pursuit eye movements of human subjects
during tracking of a spot target. When perturbations consisted of one
cycle of a 5-Hz sine wave, responses were significantly larger during
pursuit than during fixation. Furthermore, responses grew as a function
of eye/target velocity at the time of the perturbation and of
perturbation amplitude. Thus human pursuit, like monkey pursuit, is
modulated by on-line gain control. For larger perturbations consisting
of a single sine wave at 2.8 Hz, ±19°/s, the degree of enhancement
depended strongly on the phase of the perturbation. Enhancement was
present when "peak-first" perturbations caused the target speed to
increase first and was attenuated when "peak-last" perturbations
caused target speed to decrease first. This effect was most profound
when the perturbation was 2.8 Hz, ±19°/s but was also present when
the amplitude of the peak-last perturbation was
±5o/s. For peak-last perturbations, the eye
velocity evoked by the later peak of the perturbation was inversely
related to that evoked by the preceding trough of the perturbation. We
interpret these effects of perturbation phase as evidence that
peak-last perturbations cause a decrease in the on-line gain of
visual-motor transmission for pursuit. We conclude that gain control is
modulated dynamically as behavioral conditions change. Finally, when
perturbations were presented as a sequence of three large, peak-last
sine waves starting at the onset of target motion at 10°/s, repeating
the conditions used in prior studies on humans, we were able to
replicate the prior finding that the response to the perturbations was
equal during pursuit and fixation. We conclude that on-line gain
control modulates human pursuit and that it can be probed most reliably with small, brief perturbations that do not affect the on-line gain themselves.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  U. Nuding, S. Ono, M. J. Mustari, U. Buttner, and S. Glasauer A Theory of the Dual Pathways for Smooth Pursuit Based on Dynamic Gain Control J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2008; 99(6): 2798 - 2808. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Tabata, K. Miura, and K. Kawano Trial-by-Trial Updating of the Gain in Preparation for Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Based on Past Experience in Humans J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2008; 99(2): 747 - 758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-J. Orban de Xivry and P. Lefevre Saccades and pursuit: two outcomes of a single sensorimotor process J. Physiol., October 1, 2007; 584(1): 11 - 23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. de Hemptinne, S. Nozaradan, Q. Duvivier, P. Lefevre, and M. Missal How Do Primates Anticipate Uncertain Future Events? J. Neurosci., April 18, 2007; 27(16): 4334 - 4341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. Tarnutzer, S. Ramat, D. Straumann, and D. S. Zee Pursuit Responses to Target Steps During Ongoing Tracking J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2007; 97(2): 1266 - 1279. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Montagnini, M. Spering, and G. S. Masson Predicting 2D Target Velocity Cannot Help 2D Motion Integration for Smooth Pursuit Initiation J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2006; 96(6): 3545 - 3550. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Tabata, K. Miura, M. Taki, K. Matsuura, and K. Kawano Preparatory Gain Modulation of Visuomotor Transmission for Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements in Monkeys J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2006; 96(6): 3051 - 3063. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Tabata, K. Miura, and K. Kawano Anticipatory Gain Modulation in Preparation for Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements J. Cogn. Neurosci., December 1, 2005; 17(12): 1962 - 1968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Churchland and S. G. Lisberger Relationship Between Extraretinal Component of Firing Rate and Eye Speed in Area MST of Macaque Monkeys J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2005; 94(4): 2416 - 2426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Blohm, M. Missal, and P. Lefevre Direct Evidence for a Position Input to the Smooth Pursuit System J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2005; 94(1): 712 - 721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Bennett and G. R. Barnes Predictive Smooth Ocular Pursuit During the Transient Disappearance of a Visual Target J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2004; 92(1): 578 - 590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Kodaka, K. Miura, K. Suehiro, A. Takemura, and K. Kawano Ocular Tracking of Moving Targets: Effects of Perturbing the Background J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2004; 91(6): 2474 - 2483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I-h. Chou and S. G. Lisberger The Role of the Frontal Pursuit Area in Learning in Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements J. Neurosci., April 28, 2004; 24(17): 4124 - 4133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Carey and S. G. Lisberger Signals That Modulate Gain Control for Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements in Monkeys J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2004; 91(2): 623 - 631. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
