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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 88 No. 1 July 2002, pp. 507-513
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
RAPID COMMUNICATION
Departments of Neurobiology and Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1761
Karmarkar, Uma R. and
Dean V. Buonomano.
A Model of Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity: One or Two
Coincidence Detectors?. J. Neurophysiol. 88: 507-513, 2002. In spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP),
synapses exhibit LTD or LTP depending on the order of activity in the
presynaptic and postsynaptic cells. LTP occurs when a single
presynaptic spike precedes a postsynaptic one (a positive interspike
interval, or ISI), while the reverse order of activity (a negative ISI)
produces LTD. A fundamental question is whether the "standard
model" of plasticity in which moderate increases in
Ca2+ influx through the
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) channels induce LTD
and large increases induce LTP, can account for the order and interval
sensitivity of STDP. To examine this issue we developed a model that
captures postsynaptic Ca2+ influx dynamics and
the associativity of the NMDA receptors. While this model can generate
both LTD and LTP, it predicts that LTD will be observed at both
negative and positive ISIs. This is because longer and longer positive
ISIs induce monotonically decreasing levels of
Ca2+, which eventually fall into the same range
that produced LTD at negative ISIs. A second model that incorporated a
second coincidence detector in addition to the NMDA receptor generated
LTP at positive intervals and LTD only at negative ones. Our findings
suggest that a single coincidence detector model based on the standard model of plasticity cannot account for order-specific STDP, and we
predict that STDP requires two coincidence detectors.
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