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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 88 No. 2 August 2002, pp. 659-665
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; 3Biological Computation Research Department, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974; and 4Departments of Molecular Biology and Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544
Goldman, Mark S.,
Chris R. S. Kaneko,
Guy Major,
Emre Aksay,
David W. Tank, and
H. S. Seung.
Linear Regression of Eye Velocity on Eye Position and Head
Velocity Suggests a Common Oculomotor Neural Integrator. J. Neurophysiol. 88: 659-665, 2002. The
oculomotor system produces eye-position signals during fixations
and head movements by integrating velocity-coded saccadic and
vestibular inputs. A previous analysis of nucleus prepositus hypoglossi
(nph) lesions in monkeys found that the integration time constant for
maintaining fixations decreased, while that for the vestibulo-ocular
reflex (VOR) did not. On this basis, it was concluded that saccadic
inputs are integrated by the nph, but that the vestibular inputs are
integrated elsewhere. We re-analyze the data from which this conclusion
was drawn by performing a linear regression of eye velocity on eye
position and head velocity to derive the time constant and velocity
bias of an imperfect oculomotor neural integrator. The
velocity-position regression procedure reveals that the integration
time constants for both VOR and saccades decrease in tandem with
consecutive nph lesions, consistent with the hypothesis of a single
common integrator. The previous evaluation of the integrator time
constant relied upon fitting methods that are prone to error in the
presence of velocity bias and saccades. The algorithm used to evaluate
imperfect fixations in the dark did not account for the nonzero null
position of the eyes associated with velocity bias. The phase-shift
analysis used in evaluating the response to sinusoidal vestibular input neglects the effect of saccadic resets of eye position on intersaccadic eye velocity, resulting in gross underestimates of the imperfections in
integration during VOR. The linear regression method presented here is
valid for both fixation and low head velocity VOR data and is easy to implement.
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