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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 88 No. 3 September 2002, pp. 1433-1450
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
1Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114; 2Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology Program, Cambridge 02139; and 3Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Harms, Michael P. and
Jennifer R. Melcher.
Sound Repetition Rate in the Human Auditory Pathway:
Representations in the Waveshape and Amplitude of fMRI Activation. J. Neurophysiol. 88: 1433-1450, 2002. Sound
repetition rate plays an important role in stream segregation, temporal
pattern recognition, and the perception of successive sounds as either
distinct or fused. This study was aimed at elucidating the neural
coding of repetition rate and its perceptual correlates. We
investigated the representations of rate in the auditory pathway of
human listeners using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), an
indicator of population neural activity. Stimuli were trains of noise
bursts presented at rates ranging from low (1-2/s; each burst is
perceptually distinct) to high (35/s; individual bursts are not
distinguishable). There was a systematic change in the form of fMRI
response rate-dependencies from midbrain to thalamus to cortex. In the
inferior colliculus, response amplitude increased with increasing rate
while response waveshape remained unchanged and sustained. In the
medial geniculate body, increasing rate produced an increase in
amplitude and a moderate change in waveshape at higher rates (from
sustained to one showing a moderate peak just after train onset). In
auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus and the superior temporal gyrus),
amplitude changed somewhat with rate, but a far more striking change
occurred in response waveshape
low rates elicited a sustained
response, whereas high rates elicited an unusual phasic response that
included prominent peaks just after train onset and offset. The shift
in cortical response waveshape from sustained to phasic with increasing
rate corresponds to a perceptual shift from individually resolved
bursts to fused bursts forming a continuous (but modulated) percept.
Thus at high rates, a train forms a single perceptual "event," the
onset and offset of which are delimited by the on and off peaks of
phasic cortical responses. While auditory cortex showed a clear,
qualitative correlation between perception and response waveshape, the
medial geniculate body showed less correlation (since there was less
change in waveshape with rate), and the inferior colliculus showed no
correlation at all. Overall, our results suggest a population neural
representation of the beginning and the end of distinct perceptual
events that is weak or absent in the inferior colliculus, begins to
emerge in the medial geniculate body, and is robust in auditory cortex.
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