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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 88 No. 3 September 2002, pp. 1469-1474
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
1Department of Biosciences Division of Animal Physiology, and 2Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Finland
Lahtinen, Hannele,
J.
Matias Palva,
Satu Sumanen,
Juha Voipio,
Kai Kaila, and
Tomi Taira.
Postnatal Development of Rat Hippocampal Gamma Rhythm In Vivo. J. Neurophysiol. 88: 1469-1474, 2002. Network oscillations in the gamma-frequency band (20-100 Hz) may have
a central role in the timing and coordination of neural activity in the
adult brain, yet their appearance in the course of development has
remained unexplored. Moreover, electroencephalogram (EEG)-based
classification of the vigilance states [active sleep (AS), quiet sleep
(QS), or awake (W)] has been thought to be possible only after the
second postnatal week. We now report the presence of spontaneous
hippocampal gamma oscillations in the area CA3 of freely moving rats at
postnatal days (P) 5-10. Initially, at P5, the gamma oscillations were
seen in time-frequency analyses of intrahippocampal EEG recordings as
brief (<500 ms) bursts at 20-30 Hz. The early gamma rhythmicity was
most pronounced during periods of AS but was occasionally detected also
during QS. Toward P10, the gamma oscillations gained amplitude and
extended also to higher (
60 Hz) frequencies. In parallel, the gamma
oscillations were progressively more and more confined to AS. To
further consolidate these findings, we compared amplitude spectra
averaged within the behavioral categories. AS was characterized by the
appearances of gamma (20-30 Hz) and theta (3-5 Hz) peaks at P6 and at
P8, respectively. QS, on the other hand, had considerably smoother amplitude distributions between 1 and 100 Hz for P5-P10, with no peaks
in gamma or theta bands. Hippocampal gamma rhythm thus seems to
hallmark early AS. Our data provide the first in vivo evidence for both
the presence and the behavioral correlate of spontaneous gamma
oscillations in the newborn rat.
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