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The Journal of Neurophysiology Vol. 88 No. 4 October 2002, pp. 1980-1999
Copyright ©2002 by the American Physiological Society
1Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Sensory-Motor Systems, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Department of Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; and 2Laboratory of Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
Corneil, Brian D.,
Etienne Olivier, and
Douglas P. Munoz.
Neck Muscle Responses to Stimulation of Monkey Superior
Colliculus. I. Topography and Manipulation of Stimulation
Parameters. J. Neurophysiol. 88: 1980-1999, 2002. The role
of the primate superior colliculus (SC) in orienting head movements was
studied by recording electromyographic (EMG) activity from multiple
neck muscles following electrical stimulation of the SC. Combining SC
stimulation with neck EMG recordings provides an objective and
sensitive measure of the SC drive onto neck muscle motoneurons,
particularly in relation to evoked gaze shifts. In this paper, we
address how neck EMG responses to SC stimulation in head-restrained
monkeys depend on the rostrocaudal, mediolateral, and dorsoventral
location of the stimulating electrode within the SC and vary with
manipulations of the eye position prior to stimulation onset and
changes in stimulation current and duration. Stimulation predominantly
evoked EMG responses on the muscles obliquus capitis inferior, rectus
capitis posterior major, and splenius capitis. These responses became
larger in magnitude and shorter in onset latency for progressively more
caudal stimulation locations, consistent with turning the head.
However, evoked responses persisted even for more rostral stimulation
locations usually not associated with head movements. Manipulating
initial eye position revealed that the magnitude of evoked responses
became stronger as the eyes attained positions contralateral to the
side of stimulation, consistent with a summation between a generic
command evoked by SC stimulation and the influence of eye position on
tonic neck EMG. Manipulating stimulation current and duration revealed
that the relationship between gaze shifts and evoked EMG responses is
not obligatory: short-duration (<20 ms) or low-current stimulation evoked neck EMG responses in the absence of gaze shifts. However, long-duration stimulation (>150 ms) occasionally revealed a transient neck EMG response aligned on the onset of sequential gaze shifts. We
conclude that the SC drive to neck muscle motoneurons is far more
widespread than traditionally supposed and is relayed through intervening elements which may or may not be activated in association with gaze shifts.
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