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J Neurophysiol (November 1, 2002). 10.1152/jn.00692.2001
Submitted on 17 August 2001
Accepted on 24 July 2002
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and 2Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York City, New York 10003
Cavanaugh, James R.,
Wyeth Bair, and
J.
Anthony Movshon.
Nature and Interaction of Signals From the Receptive Field Center
and Surround in Macaque V1 Neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 88: 2530-2546, 2002. Information is integrated
across the visual field to transform local features into a global
percept. We now know that V1 neurons provide more spatial integration
than originally thought due to the existence of their nonclassical
inhibitory surrounds. To understand spatial integration in the visual
cortex, we have studied the nature and extent of center and surround
influences on neuronal response. We used drifting sinusoidal gratings
in circular and annular apertures to estimate the sizes of the
receptive field's excitatory center and suppressive surround. We used
combinations of stimuli inside and outside the receptive field to
explore the nature of the surround influence on the receptive field
center as a function of the relative and absolute contrast of stimuli in the two regions. We conclude that the interaction is best explained as a divisive modulation of response gain by signals from the surround.
We then develop a receptive field model based on the ratio of signals
from Gaussian-shaped center and surround mechanisms. We show that this
model can account well for the variations in receptive field size with
contrast that we and others have observed and for variations in size
with the state of contrast adaptation. The model achieves this success
by simple variations in the relative gain of the two component
mechanisms of the receptive field. This model thus offers a
parsimonious explanation of a variety of phenomena involving changes in
apparent receptive field size and accounts for these phenomena purely
in terms of two receptive field mechanisms that do not themselves
change in size. We used the extent of the center mechanism in our model
as an indicator of the spatial extent of the central excitatory portion
of the receptive field. We compared the extent of the center to
measurements of horizontal connections within V1 and determined that
horizontal intracortical connections are well matched in extent to the
receptive field center mechanism. Input to the suppressive surround may
come in part from feedback signals from higher areas.
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W. Bair, J. R. Cavanaugh, and J. A. Movshon Time Course and Time-Distance Relationships for Surround Suppression in Macaque V1 Neurons J. Neurosci., August 20, 2003; 23(20): 7690 - 7701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Zenger-Landolt and D. J. Heeger Response Suppression in V1 Agrees with Psychophysics of Surround Masking J. Neurosci., July 30, 2003; 23(17): 6884 - 6893. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. R. Cavanaugh, W. Bair, and J. A. Movshon Selectivity and Spatial Distribution of Signals From the Receptive Field Surround in Macaque V1 Neurons J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2002; 88(5): 2547 - 2556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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