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J Neurophysiol 89: 1541-1566, 2003; doi:10.1152/jn.00580.2002
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J Neurophysiol (March 1, 2003). 10.1152/jn.00580.2002
Submitted on Submitted 3 September 2002; accepted in final form 8 September 2002

Electrophysiological Classes of Cat Primary Visual Cortical Neurons In Vivo as Revealed by Quantitative Analyses

Lionel G. Nowak,1 Rony Azouz,2 Maria V. Sanchez-Vives,3 Charles M. Gray,2 and David A. McCormick4

 1Unité de recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5549, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France;  2Center for Computational Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana;  3Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones, San Juan de Alicante, Spain; and  4Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

Nowak, Lionel G., Rony Azouz, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives, Charles M. Gray, and David A. McCormick. Electrophysiological Classes of Cat Primary Visual Cortical Neurons In Vivo as Revealed by Quantitative Analyses. J. Neurophysiol. 89: 1541-1566, 2003. To facilitate the characterization of cortical neuronal function, the responses of cells in cat area 17 to intracellular injection of current pulses were quantitatively analyzed. A variety of response variables were used to separate the cells into subtypes using cluster analysis. Four main classes of neurons could be clearly distinguished: regular spiking (RS), fast spiking (FS), intrinsic bursting (IB), and chattering (CH). Each of these contained significant subclasses. RS neurons were characterized by trains of action potentials that exhibited spike frequency adaptation. Morphologically, these cells were spiny stellate cells in layer 4 and pyramidal cells in layers 2, 3, 5, and 6. FS neurons had short-duration action potentials (<0.5 ms at half height), little or no spike frequency adaptation, and a steep relationship between injected current intensity and spike discharge frequency. Morphologically, these cells were sparsely spiny or aspiny nonpyramidal cells. IB neurons typically generated a low frequency (<425 Hz) burst of spikes at the beginning of a depolarizing current pulse followed by a tonic train of action potentials for the remainder of the pulse. These cells were observed in all cortical layers, but were most abundant in layer 5. Finally, CH neurons generated repetitive, high-frequency (350-700 Hz) bursts of short-duration (<0.55 ms) action potentials. Morphologically, these cells were layer 2-4 (mainly layer 3) pyramidal or spiny stellate neurons. These results indicate that firing properties do not form a continuum and that cortical neurons are members of distinct electrophysiological classes and subclasses.




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