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J Neurophysiol (April 1, 2003). 10.1152/jn.00922.2002
Submitted on Submitted 15 October 2002; accepted in final form 10 December 2002
1Department of Physiology and Neuroscience and 2Rusk Institute, New York University, School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016
Lang, Eric J. and
Jack Rosenbluth.
Role of Myelination in the Development of a Uniform
Olivocerebellar Conduction Time. J. Neurophysiol. 89: 2259-2270, 2003. Purkinje cells generate simultaneous complex
spikes as a result of olivocerebellar activity. This synchronization
(to within 1 ms) is thought to result from electrotonic coupling of
inferior olivary neurons. However, the distance from the inferior olive (IO) varies across the cerebellar cortex. Thus signals generated simultaneously at the IO should arrive asynchronously across the cerebellar cortex, unless the length differences are compensated for.
Previously, it was shown that the conduction time from the IO to the
cerebellar cortex remains nearly constant at 
4 ms in the rat,
implying the existence of such compensatory mechanisms. Here, we
examined the role of myelination in generating a constant olivocerebellar conduction time by investigating the latency of complex
spikes evoked by IO stimulation during development in normal rats and
myelin-deficient mutants. In normal rats, myelination not only reduced
overall olivocerebellar conduction time, but also disproportionately
reduced the conduction time to vermal lobules, which had the longest
response latencies prior to myelination. The net result was a nearly
uniform conduction time. In contrast, in myelin-deficient rats,
conduction time differences to different parts of the cerebellum
remained during the same developmental period. Thus myelination is the
primary factor in generating a uniform olivocerebellar conduction time.
To test the importance of a uniform conduction time for generating
synchronous complex spike activity, multiple electrode recordings were
obtained from normal and myelin-deficient rats. Average synchrony
levels were higher in normal rats than mutants. Thus the uniform
conduction time achieved through myelination of olivocerebellar fibers
appears to be essential for the normal expression of complex spike synchrony.
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